Thyroid hormone and adrenergic signaling in the heart

Kim, Brian; Carvalho-Bianco, Suzy D.; Larsen, P. Reed

doi:10.1590/s0004-27302004000100019

Cited by 20 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Epidemiological studies have reported a significant correlation between low birth weight and the later development of adult diseases associated with higher systolic blood pressure (Barker, 2004). Additionally, we previously showed that leptin‐treated rats had higher triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels with a lower serum thyrotropin concentration (Teixeira et al 2003), and it is well established that thyroid hormones increase β 1 ‐adrenergic receptor expression in the heart (Kim et al 2004). Thus, these changes in cardiovascular parameters could be due to several factors including hyperleptinaemia, increased function of the adrenal medulla or raised levels of thyroid hormones.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal hyperleptinaemia programmes adrenal medullary function in adult rats: effects on cardiovascular parameters

Trevenzoli

Valle

Machado

et al. 2007

The Journal of Physiology

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Epidemiological studies have shown a strong correlation between stressful events (nutritional, hormonal or environmental) in early life and development of adult diseases such as obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular failure. It is known that gestation and lactation are crucial periods for healthy growth in mammals and that the sympathoadrenal system is markedly influenced by environmental conditions during these periods. We previously demonstrated that neonatal hyperleptinaemia in rats programmes higher body weight, higher food intake and hypothalamic leptin resistance in adulthood. Using this model of programming, we investigated adrenal medullary function and effects on cardiovascular parameters in male rats in adulthood. Leptin treatment during the first 10 days of lactation (8µg 100 g −1 day −1 , S.C.) resulted in lower body weight (6.5%, P < 0.05), hyperleptinaemia (10-fold, P < 0.05) and higher catecholamine content in adrenal glands (18.5%, P < 0.05) on the last day of treatment. In adulthood (150 days), the rats presented higher body weight (5%, P < 0.05), adrenal catecholamine content (3-fold, P < 0.05), tyrosine hydroxylase expression (35%, P < 0.05) and basal and caffeine-stimulated catecholamine release (53% and 100%, respectively, P < 0.05). Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were also higher in adult rats (7% and 6%, respectively, P < 0.05). Our results show that hyperleptinaemia in early life increases adrenal medullary function in adulthood and that this may alter cardiovascular parameters. Thus, we suggest that imprinting factors which increase leptin and catecholamine levels during the neonatal period could be involved in development of adult chronic diseases.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neonatal hyperleptinaemia programmes adrenal medullary function in adult rats: effects on cardiovascular parameters

Trevenzoli

Valle

Machado

et al. 2007

The Journal of Physiology

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“…Defending core temperature during cold exposure depends on a series of adaptive mechanisms mostly initiated by the SNS. However, because of modifications in the adrenergic signal transduction system, hypothyroid animals respond much less to catecholamines, and the opposite is observed in thyrotoxic animals (622)(623)(624). Thus, hypothyroid rodents exhibit profound hypothermia and succumb in a matter of hours when exposed to cold (4°C-5°C) (625,626).…”

Section: And Recommendation 56amentioning

confidence: 99%

American Thyroid Association Guide to Investigating Thyroid Hormone Economy and Action in Rodent and Cell Models

Bianco

Anderson

Forrest

et al. 2014

Thyroid

173

106

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“…They also have direct positive inotropic and chronotropic effects. 15,16 However, adrenergic hyperactivity suppresses thyroid function and leads to low T3. 7,10,11 Suppression of thyroid function decreases cardiac adrenergic receptors and reduces the response to catecholamine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Prevalence of Low T3 With Arrhythmia and Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Çıkrıkçıoğlu¹,

Elik²,

Hurşitoğlu³

et al. 2010

The Endocrinologist

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Aims:To investigate the prevalence of low T3 in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Methods: A total of 135 (44 female, 91 male) patients with the diagnosis of ACS hospitalized in coronary care unit were enrolled in the study. Results: The prevalence of low TT3 in ACS was 36%. The probability of acute complications in patients with low TT3 was 1.81 times that of patients with normal TT3 (95% confidence interval, 1.24 -2.67). TT3 and FT3 values were lower in the patients with acute complications than in those without acute complications (P Ͻ 0.001 and P ϭ 0.011, respectively). TT3 and FT3 values were lower in patients with heart failure than in patients without heart failure (P Ͻ 0.001 and P ϭ 0.003, respectively). The relative risk of heart failure in patients with low TT3 versus in those with normal TT3 was 2.78 with 95% confidence interval 1.52 to 5.07. Average TT3 values of the patients with arrhythmia and without arrhythmia were similar (P ϭ 0.032). There was no difference in terms of occurrence of arrhythmia in ACS patients with low TT3 and with normal TT3 (P ϭ 0.992). Conclusions: A low T3 in ACS was related to complications. Low T3 in ACS might be a factor, which protects against arrhythmia but predisposes to heart failure.Key Words: acute coronary syndrome, low t3, nonthyroidal illness, heart failure, arrhythmia (The Endocrinologist 2010;20: 23-26) N onthyroidal illness (NTI) refers to a group of changes in serum thyroid hormones, and TSH in patients with serious nonthyroidal diseases, including infection, inflammation, starvation, malignancy, trauma, burns, major surgical operations, psychosis, stroke, and acute coronary syndrome (ACS). 1-4 The most common and earliest alteration is inhibition of T4 -T3 conversion, which leads to low T3 serum levels. This is thought to be related to the inhibition of type 1 5Јdeiodinase enzyme action by a cytokine, such as tumor necrosis factor, released by inflammatory cells. Several drugs also inhibit this enzyme (eg, corticosteroids, propiltiouracil, iodinated contrast media, propranolol). As the illnesses becomes severe, serum TT4 and FT4 decrease. Several factors are involved in this decrease. Low thyroid binding globulin (nephrotic syndrome, liver disease) and high free fatty acids, which interfere with T4 binding to thyroid binding globulin. This, in turn, causes low TSH, and T4 decreases again, establishing a new equilibrium. TSH may also be inhibited by cytokines, dopamine, and corticosteroids. 4 The magnitude of the thyroid hormone alteration correlates with the severity of the disease with the lowest T3 and T4 values associated with decreased survival. 2,5 Recent studies show that low T3 is associated with increased mortality in patients with serious hearth disorders, and is an independent predictor of mortality in hospitalized cardiac patients. 6 We investigated the prevalence of patients with low T3 in the ACS and its subtypes (unstable angina pectoris ͓USAP͔, myocardial infarction with ST-elevation ͓STEMI͔, and myocardial infarction with non-ST-...

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Thyroid hormone and adrenergic signaling in the heart

Cited by 20 publications

References 34 publications

Neonatal hyperleptinaemia programmes adrenal medullary function in adult rats: effects on cardiovascular parameters

Neonatal hyperleptinaemia programmes adrenal medullary function in adult rats: effects on cardiovascular parameters

American Thyroid Association Guide to Investigating Thyroid Hormone Economy and Action in Rodent and Cell Models

The Prevalence of Low T3 With Arrhythmia and Heart Failure in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

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