Thyroid disorders are common in first-degree relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Araújo, Dorothy Sue Dunn de; Barone, Bianca; Melleti, Natasha; Dantas, Joana Rodrigues; Oliveira, Marcus Miranda dos Santos; Zajdenverg, Lenita; Tortora, R.; Milech, Adolpho; Oliveira, José Egídio Paulo de; Rodacki, Melanie

doi:10.1590/2359-3997000000022

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…The risk is slightly greater if one has a first-degree relative (mother, sister, and daughter) with TD. 32 However, others report that a positive family history of any form of TD may not be associated with increased risk of developing ID or hypothyroidism. 33 The present study found a positive correlation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine status and its determinants in subpopulation of pregnant women in rural Central India

Tayade¹,

Chhabra²

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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Background: There is an increased demand for iodine and thyroid hormones, in pregnancy starting from the early weeks of pregnancy suggesting that there may be a need for additional supplements of iodine in high risk population to prevent iodine deficiency and its associated disorders. Hence this study was undertaken to determine the iodine status and its determinants in a subpopulation of pregnant women from a rural area of Central India.Methods: A hospital based, cross-sectional, observational study was carried out among pregnant women seeking antenatal care at Kasturba Hospital of MGIMS, Sewagram, a rural tertiary care institute in central India. Information was collected about demographic variables, use of iodized salt, iodine rich food and goitrogens as part of diet and other determinants. Spot urine samples were obtained, and assessment of urine iodine concentration was done by using Sandell-Kolthoff reaction.Results: Among 250 pregnant women of first trimester, iodine deficiency (ID) was present in 11.8 %, of which 59.25% had mild deficiency, 33.33% moderate deficiency and 7.4% severe deficiency. More women with iodine deficiency were of higher age, had less formal education and belonged to lower middle and lower economic class. Higher number of women with iodine deficiency had family history of thyroid disorders compared to iodine sufficient (18.51% versus 5.58%), more iodine deficient commonly had goitrogens (cabbage, cauliflower, radish, sweet potato, soya etc) as part of their meals (77.77% versus 68.60%), lesser women with ID ate iodine rich food (fish, milk yoghurt, bread) (18.51% versus 68.60%) and fewer of them used iodized salt during food preparation (25.92% versus 69.95%) compared to iodine sufficient, with a significant difference.Conclusions: Iodine deficiency is prevalent in pregnant women in this geographic region of central India. Age, low socioeconomic status, lack of education, family history, low intake of iodized salt and iodine rich food and more consumption of goitrogenic food as part of diet are risk factors. Appropriate health education, promoting use of iodized salt, quality assurance of universal salt iodization by household survey and screening in high risk group is suggested.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine status and its determinants in subpopulation of pregnant women in rural Central India

Tayade¹,

Chhabra²

2018

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…The concomitant presentation of T1DM and another autoimmune disorder may complicate diabetes management and result in varying clinical symptoms, thus seriously influencing patient quality of life[ 6 ]. Among these additional autoimmune disorders co-occurring among children and adolescents with T1DM, autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) accounts for the highest proportion[ 7 ]. As the most prevalent organ-specific immune-mediated disorder in the world, AITD is characterized by autoreactive lymphocyte infiltration in the thyroid and the presence of autoantibodies targeting thyroid antigens[ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of autoimmune thyroid disease with type 1 diabetes mellitus and its ultrasonic diagnosis and management

Wang,

Wan,

Chang

et al. 2024

World J Diabetes

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As a common hyperglycemic disease, type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a complicated disorder that requires a lifelong insulin supply due to the immune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells. Although it is an organ-specific autoimmune disorder, T1DM is often associated with multiple other autoimmune disorders. The most prevalent concomitant autoimmune disorder occurring in T1DM is autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), which mainly exhibits two extremes of phenotypes: hyperthyroidism [Graves' disease (GD)] and hypo-thyroidism [Hashimoto's thyroiditis, (HT)]. However, the presence of comorbid AITD may negatively affect metabolic management in T1DM patients and thereby may increase the risk for potential diabetes-related complications. Thus, routine screening of thyroid function has been recommended when T1DM is diagnosed. Here, first, we summarize current knowledge regarding the etiology and pathogenesis mechanisms of both diseases. Subsequently, an updated review of the association between T1DM and AITD is offered. Finally, we provide a relatively detailed review focusing on the application of thyroid ultrasonography in diagnosing and managing HT and GD, suggesting its critical role in the timely and accurate diagnosis of AITD in T1DM.

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Human leukocyte antigen-DQA1*0501 allele and its association with pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Iraqi children

et al. 2019

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Thyroid disorders are common in first-degree relatives of individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 6 publications

References 22 publications

Iodine status and its determinants in subpopulation of pregnant women in rural Central India

Iodine status and its determinants in subpopulation of pregnant women in rural Central India

Association of autoimmune thyroid disease with type 1 diabetes mellitus and its ultrasonic diagnosis and management

Human leukocyte antigen-DQA1*0501 allele and its association with pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes mellitus among Iraqi children

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