Thyroid abnormalities after therapeutic external radiation

Sl, Hancock; Ir, McDougall; Ls, Constine

doi:10.1016/0360-3016(95)00019-u

Cited by 219 publications

(149 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…18 More recently, DeGroot 19 and Hancock et al 20 suggested that radiation doses to the thyroid in the range of 3000 -8000 rads were required to induce hypothyroidism, and hypothyroidism after mantle irradiation of 3500 -4500 rads for patients with Hodgkin lymphoma has been well documented. [21][22][23] Hancock et al 23 examined 1787 patients with Hodgkin disease and found that patients who were treated with radiation had a 43% actuarial risk of developing hypothyroidism at 20 years.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The postulated mechanisms by which hypothyroidism develops include direct thyroid cell injury from radiation, vascular injury from radiation, and possible immune-mediated damage. 19,20,24 There are very few studies that describe the effect of chemotherapy on the thyroid gland. Bajorunas 17 mentioned L-asparaginase as an agent that potentially may depress thyroid function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hypothyroidism

Mercado

Adelstein

Saxton

et al. 2001

Cancer

146

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The use of an internal circulating fluidized bed (ICFB) is proposed for the oxidative dehydrogenation of butane. The reactor consists of two adjacent zones, separated by a wall. In the oxidizing zone the catalyst is oxidized and in the reducing zone the butane is dehydrogenated by reaction with the oxygen from the catalyst lattice. The circulation between both zones is produced by the different bed porosity, which originates a pressure difference between the two zones at the communication orifice at the bottom of the vessel. The design of this reactor is studied in a cold model. An image analysis technique was applied to measure solid circulation rates between the different regions in the reactor, by using a solid coated with a long afterglow phosphor as a tracer. The solid circulation rates through the orifices were found to correlate reasonably well with a previously developed correlation for the orifice drag coefficient. The model for solid circulation between fluidized regions was then integrated in the overall mathematical model for the ICFB reactor system to incorporate the effect of design and operating conditions on the catalyst circulation rates between compartments. A good correlation between the experimentally obtained values of conversion and selectivity and those predicted by the model is obtained. Improvements in selectivity to olefins are obtained, compared with conventional fluidized‐bed reactors with cofeeding of reactants. © 2004 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 50: 1510–1522, 2004

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism

Mercado

Adelstein

Saxton

et al. 2001

Cancer

146

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show abstract

“…[8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] some small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (tKis) have been shown to cause hypothyroidism related symptoms to a variable extent, which can reduce a patient's quality of life. we review the available data for tKi related thyroid dysfunction and the hypothesized patho physiological mechanisms of this toxicity.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21 locoregional head and neck radio therapy is associated with immediate and long term adverse effects, which can include hypo thyroidism, thyroid neoplasm, and Graves disease. [22][23][24] TKIs and hypothyroidism imatinib available data suggest that some tKis worsen pre existing hypothyroidism or cause de novo hypo thyroidism. imatinib inhibits the kinase activity of the tyrosine kinases aBl, c Kit and platelet derived growth factor receptor.…”

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confidence: 99%

Hypothyroidism related to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: an emerging toxic effect of targeted therapy

et al. 2009

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“…There are some existing studies on the possible effects of external factors-such as iodine deficiencies, external radiation, hanging or violent asphyxia, and contrast media with iodine in coronary angiography-on thyroid hormone levels. [12][13][14][15] The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential influence of diagnostic sonography on the hormones secreted by the thyroid and parathyroid. Levels of thyroglobulin were also evaluated, because its excretion may also be altered by some external factors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does diagnostic sonography alter thyroid and parathyroid hormone levels?

Serin

Gürel

Kıyan

et al. 2007

J of Clinical Ultrasound

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Purpose. To investigate possible alterations in the levels of thyroid and parathyroid hormones (PTHs) and thyroglobulin (TG) in healthy individuals following diagnostic sonographic examination of the thyroid gland.Methods. Thirty healthy women with no pathologic findings underwent sonographic examination, followed 6 weeks later by a second examination involving a probe-only application (PA) with the ultrasound scanner switched off. Duration times were identical for both examinations. Blood was drawn before and after the 2 applications. Thyroid hormone, PTH, and TG levels before and after the 2 applications were compared, and the difference between the variations for each parameter in the first and second applications was assessed. Blood samples were taken before and after the sonographic examination and the PA, and the serum concentrations of sensitive thyrotropin, total and free thyroxine, total and free tri-iodothyronine, TG, and PTH were measured. The pre-and post-examination levels of the hormones for the 2 applications were then compared and the difference between the variations for each parameter in the first and second application was then assessed.Results. The only significant variations observed were in the TG levels after PA and PTH levels after both sonographic examination and PA. The comparison between the 2 difference values revealed no significant difference except for PTH.Conclusion. This preliminary report on the possible influence of sonographic examination of the thyroid on the serum levels of thyroid and parathyroid hormones suggests that gland secretions such as PTH may be affected by external factors, including ultrasound. Clinicians should be aware of alterations in hormone levels by external factors.

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Thyroid abnormalities after therapeutic external radiation

Cited by 219 publications

References 31 publications

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism related to tyrosine kinase inhibitors: an emerging toxic effect of targeted therapy

Does diagnostic sonography alter thyroid and parathyroid hormone levels?

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