Thyroglobulin mRNA expression helps to distinguish anaplastic carcinoma from angiosarcoma of the thyroid

Papotti, Mauro; Volante, Marco; Negro, Francesco; Eusebi, Vincenzo; Bussolati, Gianni

doi:10.1007/s004280000308

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In such circumstances, angiosarcoma can be distinguished from it by recent molecular techniques and immunohistochemistry for TTF-1; a weak signal for thyroglobulin mRNA was present in all anaplastic carcinoma but not in angiosarcoma of the thyroid, confirming that anaplastic carcinoma and angiosarcoma of the thyroid are unrelated malignant tumors (8,19).…”

Section: A B Ementioning

confidence: 74%

A Case of Coexistent Angiosarcoma and Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid

Kim

Sung

2003

J Korean Med Sci

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High-grade neoplasms of the thyroid with an angiomatoid appearance by light microscopy have been debated for about 100 yr (1), and have not yet been included into the latest World Health Organization (WHO) classification of the thyroid (2). Several authors have described such tumors that display both anaplastic carcinoma and pseudoangiosarcomatous appearance, making difficult the inclusion of these tumors in either the anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid or conventional angiosarcoma groups of the WHO classification. However, angiosarcoma generally represents a rare connective tissue tumor of the thyroid, and has been designated as malignant hemangioendothelioma by many authors (3, 4), and rarely occurs in that organ. We described a case of an angiosarcoma and well differentiated follicular carcinoma with intervening transitional area. The present report will provide an additional evidence that angiosarcoma of the thyroid is a specific condition of endothelial origin, which is different from angiosarcoma-like anaplastic carcinoma. Here, to confirm the nature of the present tumor, immunohistochemistry and ultrastructural examination were done. CASE REPORTA 64-yr-old-man was admitted due to a painless mass in the anterior region of the neck that had been rapidly growing for several months. 99m Tc thyroid scan showed a cold defect in the right lobe of the thyroid. The results of thyroid function tests were within the normal ranges. He has a history of right pneumonectomy for tuberculosis about 20 yr ago. Fine needle aspiration cytology of the thyroid showed atypical cells showing nuclear pleomorphism and anaplasia, which were suggestive of anaplastic carcinoma. Careful examinations using radiologic methods as well as nuclear medicine did not disclose any metastatic or primary foci, and the tumor was confined within the thyroid region. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy. Two months later, slight dyspnea developed. Skull radiography showed multinodular osteolytic lesions and chest computed tomography showed multifocal bilateral scattered nodules, implying metastatic tumor nodules. He refused further evaluation. Chemotherapy and local radiation therapy were scheduled, but he was lost to follow-up.Grossly, the right lobe and left lobe measured 8×5×3 cm, and 6×3×2 cm. Each weighed 56 g and 20 g. The external A Case of Coexistent Angiosarcoma and Follicular Carcinoma of the ThyroidAngiosarcoma of the thyroid has long been a controversial entity, and it is histologically defined as cleft-like anastosmosing spaces lined by large, atypical cells of endothelial lineage. However, clear-cut separation between the angiosarcoma and anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid is difficult because they yield nearly the same clinical prognosis and overlapping histologic findings. We report a case of thyroid neoplasm composed of minimally invasive well differentiated follicular carcinoma and angiosarcoma with intervening transitional area. Immunohistochemically, the angiosarcomatous portion showed focal immunoreactivity for endotheli...

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Section: A B Ementioning

confidence: 74%

A Case of Coexistent Angiosarcoma and Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid

Kim

Sung

2003

J Korean Med Sci

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“…But most of the patients die in less than 6 months regardless of the treatment with a few surviving up to 5 years [2] [8]. Entirely intrathyroid tumors generally have a longer survival than those with extrathyroidal extension [12]. Cases from non-mountainous, non-endemic goiter areas have a better prognosis [8] [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Entirely intrathyroid tumors generally have a longer survival than those with extrathyroidal extension [12]. Cases from non-mountainous, non-endemic goiter areas have a better prognosis [8] [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angiosarcoma Thyroid: Case Report and Review of Literature

Mittal¹,

Kumar²,

Singh³

et al. 2014

CRCM

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Objective: To describe a rare case of angiosarcoma thyroid in Indian subcontinent with its successful management. Case report: A 60-year-old male with swelling in neck for 20years with sudden increase in the size during last 3 months. Fine needle aspiration cytology suggested anaplastic carcinoma. The patient underwent total thyroidectomy with central and lateral neck dissection. On histopathology, the diagnosis of angiosarcoma was suspected. Immunohisto chemistry confirmed the diagnosis of angiosarcoma. Post-operative chemoradiation was given with no recurrence at 10 months of follow up. Conclusion: Though rare, angiosarcoma should be included as differential diagnosis in cases of long standing goiters with recent rapid increase in size. Immunohistochemistry is crucial for diagnosis and should be considered in these patients. Early and prompt diagnosis will help in providing curative treatment in such patients.

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“…In fact, both our own primary undifferentiated culture (T-AC1) and the commercially available 8305C cell line showed a stable 20% of cells weakly positive for thyroglobulin when cultured with the thyroid-conditioned medium. It is known that undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas express thyroglobulin mRNA (48), but in clinical routine immunohistochemistry, undifferentiated thyroid carcinomas are negative for thyroglobulin expression. The higher sensitivity of immunofluorescence versus immunohistochemistry could be the explanation for this percentage of positive cells in our cultures, while being very specific with a completely negative control of nonthyroid cells (see Material and Methods).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plitidepsin Has a Cytostatic Effect in Human Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) Thyroid Carcinoma

Bravo¹,

García-Rendueles²,

Prado

et al. 2005

Clinical Cancer Research

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Undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma is a highly aggressive human cancer with very poor prognosis. Although there have been a few studies of candidate treatments, the fact that it is an infrequent tumor makes it very difficult to design clinical trials. A strong association has been observed between undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma and TP53 mutations in numerous molecular genetic and expression studies. Plitidepsin (Aplidin, PharmaMar, Madrid, Spain) is a novel anticancer compound obtained from a sea tunicate.This compound has been reported to induce apoptosis independently of TP53 status.We investigated the actions of plitidepsin in human thyroid cancer cells. In initial experiments using primary cultured cells from a differentiated (papillary) carcinoma, we found that100 nmol/L plitidepsin induced apoptosis, whereas lower doses were cytostatic. Because our aim was to study the effects of plitidepsin at clinically relevant concentrations, subsequent experiments were done with a dosage regimen reflecting plasma concentrations observed in previously reported clinical trials: 100 nmol/L for 4 hours, followed by 10 nmol/L for 20 hours (4 100 /20 10 plitidepsin). This plitidepsin dosage regimen blocked the proliferation of a primary undifferentiated/anaplastic thyroid carcinoma culture obtained in our laboratory and of a commercial cell line (8305C) obtained from an undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma; however, it did not induce apoptosis.The proportion of cells in the G 1 phase of the cell cycle was greatly increased and the proportionin the S/G 2 -M phases greatly reduced, suggesting that plitidepsin blocks G 1 -to-S transition. Levels of the cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase 4/p21 complex proteins were decreased and, in line with this, the levels of unphosphorylated Rb1increased.The decrease in cell cycle proteins correlated with hypoacetylation of histone H3. Finally, we did experiments to assess how rapidly tumor cells return to their initial pretreatment proliferative behavior after 4 100 /20 10 plitidepsin treatment. Cells from undifferentiated tumors needed more than 3 days to recover logarithmic growth, and after 7 days, cell number was still significantly lower than in control cultures. 4 100 /20 10 plitidepsininhibited the growthin soft agar.Together, our data show that plitidepsin is able to block in vitro cell cycle progression at concentrations similar to serum concentrations observed in vivo, and that this effect is persistent for several days after plitidepsin removal.Whether plitidepsin will prove to be clinically useful in the treatment of undifferentiated thyroid cancers remains to be established. However, our results raise the possibility that plitidepsin might be effective alone or in combination with radiotherapy and/or other drug treatments.Undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma is a highly aggressive malignant neoplasm typified by rapidly progressive local disease (ref. 1 and references therein). Almost all patients with undifferentiated thyroid carcinoma present...

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Thyroglobulin mRNA expression helps to distinguish anaplastic carcinoma from angiosarcoma of the thyroid

Cited by 32 publications

References 26 publications

A Case of Coexistent Angiosarcoma and Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid

A Case of Coexistent Angiosarcoma and Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid

Angiosarcoma Thyroid: Case Report and Review of Literature

Plitidepsin Has a Cytostatic Effect in Human Undifferentiated (Anaplastic) Thyroid Carcinoma

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