Thymoma, Hypogammaglobulinemia, and Pernicious Anemia

Thymoma and autoimmunity

“…13,26 More than 20 cases of pemphigus have been documented in the past several decades, 27 and in a recent case study, the resection of thymoma resulted in regression of bullous dermatoses. 28 Other autoimmune conditions, such as polymyositis and myopathy 13,15,29 and pernicious anemia, 29 Table 1 WHO classification of thymoma 3 A A tumor with oval shape, with no nuclear atypia, and few or no non-neoplastic lymphocytes AB A tumor in which foci having the features of type A thymoma are admixed with foci rich in lymphocytes B1 A tumor that resembles the normal functional thymus in that it combines large expanses having an appearance practically indistinguishable from normal thymic cortex with areas resembling thymic medulla B2 A tumor in which the neoplastic epithelial component appears as scattered plump cells with vesicular nuclei and distinct nucleoli among a heavy population of lymphocytes B3 A type of thymoma predominantly composed of epithelial cells having a round or polygonal shape and exhibiting no or mild atypia C A thymic tumor exhibiting clear-cut cytologic atypia and a set of cytoarchitectural features no longer specific to the thymus, but rather analogous to those seen in carcinomas of other organs. Type C thymomas lack immature lymphocytes Thymoma and autoimmunity S Shelly et al 200 were linked to both thymoma and MG. Less commonly, autoimmune thyroid diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, ulcerative colitis, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, Takayasu syndrome, 30 autoimmune hemolytic anemia 31 and cortical encephalitis 32 were reported.…”

Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia and immunodeficiency in association with thymoma–A presentation of Good's Syndrome

“…In terms of laboratory findings, anaemia is commonly associated with immunodeficiency and is seen in up to 50% of patients. The cause of anemia may well be pure red cell aplasia, 5 pernicious anemia 6 or hemolytic anemia. 7 The most common micro-organisms associated with Good's Syndrome are encapsulated bacteria.…”

Good's Syndrome and Pernicious Anemia.

“…Thymomawith pernicious anemia is unusual and perhaps coincidental (1). The triad of thymoma, hypogammaglobulinemia, and pernicious anemia is a rare association, with only three cases reported previously (4)(5)(6). Here, a case of this triad as well as its features are presented.…”