Thunderstorms Producing Sferic‐Geolocated Gamma‐Ray Flashes Detected by TETRA‐II

Abstract

Microsecond-to-millisecond scale bursts of high energy radiation have been detected associated with thunderstorms and lightning from ground level, from aircraft and balloons, and from space. From space, terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs) were discovered in 1994 by the Burst and Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) aboard the Compton Gamma-ray Observatory (Fishman et al., 1994) and have since been observed at energies up to 40 million electron volts (MeV;