Thulium pumped mid-infrared 09–9μm supercontinuum generation in concatenated fluoride and chalcogenide glass fibers

Kubat, Irnis; Petersen, Christian; Møller, Uffe; Seddon, Angela B.; Benson, T.M.; Brilland, Laurent; Méchin, David; Moselund, Peter M.; Bang, Ole

doi:10.1364/oe.22.003959

Cited by 131 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In recent years, several experimental and theoretical investigations on mid-infrared SC generation were reported in ChG planar waveguides [13][14][15], ChG fibers [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28], single crystal sapphire fibers [29], silicon-on-insulator (SOI) wire waveguides [30], ZBLAN fiber [31], fluoride glass [32] and germano-silicate fibers [33]. Gai et al [13] reported SC generation from 2.9 µm to 4.2 µm in dispersion-engineered As 2 S 3 glass rib waveguide (6.6 cm long) pumped with 7.5 ps duration pulses at a wavelength of 3.26 µm with a pulse peak power of around 2 kW.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge_115As_24Se_645 chalcogenide channel waveguide

Karim¹,

Rahman²,

Agrawal³

2015

Opt. Express

108

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link Abstract:We numerically investigate mid-infrared supercontinuum (SC) generation in dispersion-engineered, air-clad, Ge 11.5 As 24 Se 64.5 chalcogenide-glass channel waveguides employing two different materials, Ge 11.5 As 24 S 64.5 or MgF 2 glass for their lower cladding. We study the effect of waveguide parameters on the bandwidth of the SC at the output of 1-cm-long waveguide. Our results show that output can vary over a wide range depending on its design and the pump wavelength employed. At the pump wavelength of 2 µm the SC never extended beyond 4.5 µm for any of our designs. However, supercontinuum could be extended to beyond 5 µm for a pump wavelength of 3.1 µm. A broadband SC spanning from 2 µm to 6 µm and extending over 1.5 octave could be generated with a moderate peak power of 500 W at a pump wavelength of 3.1 µm using an air-clad, all-chalcogenide, channel waveguide. We show that SC can be extended even further when MgF 2 glass is used for the lower cladding of chalcogenide waveguide. Our numerical simulations produced SC spectra covering the wavelength range 1.8-7.7 µm (> two octaves) by using this geometry. Both ranges exceed the broadest SC bandwidths reported so far. Moreover, we realize it using 3.1 µm pump source and relatively low peak power pulses. By employing the same pump source, we show that SC spectra can cover a wavelength range of 1.8-11 µm (> 2.5 octaves) in a channel waveguide employing MgF 2 glass for its lower cladding with a moderate peak power of 3000 W.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge_115As_24Se_645 chalcogenide channel waveguide

Karim¹,

Rahman²,

Agrawal³

2015

Opt. Express

108

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“…An As-S-Se/As-S fiber pumped at 4.8 μm has been used to generate the spectrum in the 1-5 μm range [7]. SCs spanning 1.7-7.5 μm and 0.9-9 μm has been obtained with microstructured As-Se fibers pumped by OPA at 4.4 μm [8] and by SC from ZBLAN fiber in the 0.9-4.1 μm range respectively [9]. SC with red boundary beyond 5 μm has been reported for all-solid microstructured As-Se/As-S fiber pumped at 3.4 μm by OPA [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the possibility of mid-IR supercontinuum generation in As-Se-Te/As-S core/clad fibers with all-fiber femtosecond pump source

Anashkina

Shiryaev

Снопатин

et al. 2018

Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids

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Highlights:Mid-IR SC generation in As-Se-Te/As-S fibers pumped at 2 μm is studied numerically. Simulated spectra extending from ~1 µm to more than 8 µm are demonstrated. Low-loss As-Se-Te/As-S step-index fibers are manufactured. AbstractWe propose and optimize theoretically a supercontinuum (SC) laser source in the mid-IR based on using As-SeTe/As-S core/clad step-index fibers and a femtosecond all-fiber laser system at 2 μm. Numerically simulated spectra extending from ~1 µm to more than 8 µm are demonstrated for pump energy of order 100 pJ in a fiber with a core diameter of 2 µm. To the best of our knowledge, the possibility of such long-wavelength spectral conversion of pump pulses at the wavelength of 2 μm in optical fibers is demonstrated for the first time. The theoretical calculations are performed on the base of real low loss step-index As-Se-Te/As-S glass fibers with various coreclad diameter ratios. IntroductionThe mid-infrared (IR) ultra-broadband coherent light sources have important applications in remote sensing, biophotonics, homeland security, and so on. The photonic technologies based on mid-IR fibers providing these properties are very promising [1]. Chalcogenide glasses (ChG) have the broadest transmittance windows and the highest third-order nonlinear refractive indices (n 2 ) among all optical glasses, ~200-1000 times higher than that for silica [1,2]. These characteristics make them ideal candidates for mid-IR nonlinear fiber optics where short sample lengths or ultralow pulse energies are sufficient to elicit nonlinear optical behavior. SC generation in ChG fibers with various compositions, geometrical design, and pumping wavelengths are constantly reported (see [1] and references therein). To date, spectral SCs in the 1.4-13.3 µm and 2-15.1 µm ranges have been demonstrated in AsSe core step-index fibers pumped by optical parametric amplifiers (OPA) at 6.3 µm [3] and at 9.8 µm [4], respectively. An As-Se commercial fiber has allowed generating SC in the 3-8 µm range using an erbium-doped ZrF 4 -based in-amplifier SC source spanning from 3 to 4.2 μm [5]. SC spectrum spanning 1.5-14 μm has been achieved by pumping a Ge-As-Se-Te fiber at 4.5 μm [6]. An As-S-Se/As-S fiber pumped at 4.8 μm has been used to generate the spectrum in the 1-5 μm range [7]. SCs spanning 1.7-7.5 μm and 0.9-9 μm has been obtained with microstructured As-Se fibers pumped by OPA at 4.4 μm [8] and by SC from ZBLAN fiber in the 0.9-4.1 μm range respectively [9]. SC with red boundary beyond 5 μm has been reported for all-solid microstructured As-Se/As-S fiber pumped at 3.4 μm by OPA [10]. However, despite the substantial efforts which have led to startling results over the past several decades, the full potential of ChG fibers has not been achieved yet [2]. For instance, in the majority of the works devoted to mid-IR SC generation, the pump source initially operates in the mid-IR. But it would be great to start from the standard robust fiber laser systems in the near-IR in order to simplify a scheme and make a photonic de...

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“…The generation of ultra-broadband SC spectra from ultraviolet to mid-infrared (MIR) region is of considerable interest for many applications in the field of telecommunication, molecular fingerprint spectroscopy, bio-imaging, pulse compression, optical coherence tomography, high precision frequency metrology, and optical sensing (Dudley et al 2009; Eggleton et al 2011;Shaw et al 2011). There is a strong motivation to fabricate SC sources operating in the molecular fingerprint region of the optical spectrum in the range 2-20 µm both for sensing illicit or dangerous materials via their spectroscopic signatures and for applications such as MIR astronomy (Petersen et al 2014; Wei et al 2013). Although SC generation inside optical fibers has been used to produce broadband spectra that cover the visible and near-infrared regions, silica fibers cannot be used in the MIR region of their high losses in that spectral range.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using chalcogenide rib waveguide

Karim

Rahman

2016

Opt Quant Electron

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Thulium pumped mid-infrared 09–9μm supercontinuum generation in concatenated fluoride and chalcogenide glass fibers

Cited by 131 publications

References 43 publications

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge_115As_24Se_645 chalcogenide channel waveguide

Mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using dispersion-engineered Ge_115As_24Se_645 chalcogenide channel waveguide

On the possibility of mid-IR supercontinuum generation in As-Se-Te/As-S core/clad fibers with all-fiber femtosecond pump source

Ultra-broadband mid-infrared supercontinuum generation using chalcogenide rib waveguide

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