Throughput and delay of single-hop and two-hop aeronautical communication networks

Wang, Yufeng; Erturk, M. Cenk; Liu, Jin-Xing; Sankar, Ravi; Morgera, S.D.

doi:10.1109/jcn.2015.000010

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Their assessment indicated that the achievable throughput of AANETs in the oceanic airspace was better than that attained in the continental airspace, namely 68.2 kbps versus 38.3 kbps, respectively. Wang et al [60] derived the upper bound of the throughput and the closed-form average delay expression of a two-hop aeronautical communication network. Furthermore, Schutz and Schmidt [59] provided the calculation of the required bandwidth in their final report on the radio frequency spectrum requirements for future aeronautical mobile systems.…”

Section: B Throughputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeronautical $Ad~Hoc$ Networking for the Internet-Above-the-Clouds

Chen²,

et al. 2019

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The engineering vision of relying on the "smart sky" for supporting air traffic and the "Internet above the clouds" for in-flight entertainment has become imperative for the future aircraft industry. Aeronautical ad hoc Networking (AANET) constitutes a compelling concept for providing broadband communications above clouds by extending the coverage of Air-to-Ground (A2G) networks to oceanic and remote airspace via autonomous and self-configured wireless networking amongst commercial passenger airplanes. The AANET concept may be viewed as a new member of the family of Mobile ad hoc Networks (MANETs) in action above the clouds. However, AANETs have more dynamic topologies, larger and more variable geographical network size, stricter security requirements and more hostile transmission conditions. These specific characteristics lead to more grave challenges in aircraft mobility modeling, aeronautical channel modeling and interference mitigation as well as in network scheduling and routing. This paper provides an overview of AANET solutions by characterizing the associated scenarios, requirements and challenges. Explicitly, the research addressing the key techniques of AANETs, such as their mobility models, network scheduling and routing, security and interference are reviewed. Furthermore, we also identify the remaining challenges associated with developing AANETs and present their prospective solutions as well as open issues. The design framework of AANETs and the key technical issues are investigated along with some recent research results. Furthermore, a range of performance metrics optimized in designing AANETs and a number of representative multi-objective optimization algorithms are outlined.

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Section: B Throughputmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeronautical $Ad~Hoc$ Networking for the Internet-Above-the-Clouds

Chen²,

et al. 2019

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“…Additionally, the hop count between the nodes could affect the transmission range. If the communications are executed based on the single hop model, then the source node can directly communicate with the destination [134]. However, in a two-hop model, the source to destination communication is done through relay nodes with higher throughput.…”

Section: ) Link Connectivity Requirement In Aanetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aeronautical Networks for In-Flight Connectivity: A Tutorial of the State-of-the-Art and Survey of Research Challenges

et al. 2022

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The aeronautical networks attract the attention of both industry and academia since Internet access during flights turns to the crucial demand from luxury with the evolving technology. This In-Flight Connectivity (IFC) necessity is currently dominated by the satellite connectivity and Air-to-Ground (A2G) network solutions. However, the high installation/equipment cost and latency of the satellite connectivity reduce its efficiency. The A2G networks are utilized through the 4G/5G ground stations deployed on terrestrial areas to solve these satellites' problems. This terrestrial deployment reduces the coverage area of A2G networks, especially for remote flights over the ocean. The Aeronautical Ad-hoc Networks (AANETs) are designed to provide IFC while solving the primary defects of dominating solutions. The AANET is an entirely novel solution under the vehicular networks since it consists of aircraft with ultra-dynamic and unstructured characteristics. These characteristics separate it from the less dynamic Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs). Therefore, the environmental and mobility effects cause specific challenges for AANETs. This article presents a holistic review of these open AANET challenges by investigating them in data link, network, and transport layers. Before giving the details of these challenges, this article explores the state-of-the-art literature about satellite and A2G networks for IFC. We then give our specific interest to the AANET by investigating its particular characteristics and open research challenges. The main starting point of this study is that there is a lack of compact research on this exciting topic, although IFC is an inevitable need for the aeronautical industry. Also, the AANET could be underlined by giving all state-ofthe-art about the dominating IFC solutions. Therefore, this is the first work exploring the state-of-the-art for all the existing aeronautical networking technologies under a single comprehensive survey by deeply analyzing specific characteristics and open research challenges of AANETs. Additionally, the AANET is a novel topic and should be separately investigated from the FANETs as given in current literature.

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“…The routing with the longest reliability duration in the space rather than the closest one is quickly found by the protocol because the reliability and trustworthiness of nodes are geocasted in the whole space with low overhead. In Y Wang et al, 12 a more effective and reliable two-way geocasting protocol is proposed, in which the chances of successful message delivery are improved with two independent paths and a novel authentication mechanism. In H Rutagemwa et al, 13 a fountain code–based and greedy queue and location assisted routing protocol is designed.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

VaSe-MRP: Velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol in flying ad hoc network

Guo

et al. 2019

International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

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Flying ad hoc network is widely used in many military and civilian scenarios. Compared with mobile ad hoc network and vehicular ad hoc network, flying ad hoc network holds some special characteristics such as high mobility, long-distance communication, and sparse node-deployment, which cause an important challenge in the design of routing protocols. In this article, a velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol is proposed for flying ad hoc network. The protocol is mainly composed of two important parts, which are the routing discovery mechanism and routing maintenance mechanism. In routing discovery process, the routing discovery request packet only can be forwarded by the reliable node, which is decided by the calculation of co-direction degree, then the routing overhead is reduced at some extent. Noticeably, the correlation of the survival duration between adjacent links is fully considered, which is very important to the path stability criteria. In routing maintenance progress, a path similarity and path remaining survival duration–based multi-path selection mechanism is proposed. The performance superiority of velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol is also demonstrated by extensive simulations. The results show that velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol is much better than other existing protocols in terms of network throughput, average delay of data transmission, routing overhead, and the convergence time of the routing discovery.

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Throughput and delay of single-hop and two-hop aeronautical communication networks

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Aeronautical $Ad~Hoc$ Networking for the Internet-Above-the-Clouds

Aeronautical $Ad~Hoc$ Networking for the Internet-Above-the-Clouds

Aeronautical Networks for In-Flight Connectivity: A Tutorial of the State-of-the-Art and Survey of Research Challenges

VaSe-MRP: Velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol in flying ad hoc network

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