VaSe-MRP: Velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol in flying ad hoc network

Abstract

Flying ad hoc network is widely used in many military and civilian scenarios. Compared with mobile ad hoc network and vehicular ad hoc network, flying ad hoc network holds some special characteristics such as high mobility, long-distance communication, and sparse node-deployment, which cause an important challenge in the design of routing protocols. In this article, a velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol is proposed for flying ad hoc network. The protocol is mainly composed of two important parts, which are the routing discovery mechanism and routing maintenance mechanism. In routing discovery process, the routing discovery request packet only can be forwarded by the reliable node, which is decided by the calculation of co-direction degree, then the routing overhead is reduced at some extent. Noticeably, the correlation of the survival duration between adjacent links is fully considered, which is very important to the path stability criteria. In routing maintenance progress, a path similarity and path remaining survival duration–based multi-path selection mechanism is proposed. The performance superiority of velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol is also demonstrated by extensive simulations. The results show that velocity-aware and stability-estimation–based multi-path routing protocol is much better than other existing protocols in terms of network throughput, average delay of data transmission, routing overhead, and the convergence time of the routing discovery.

Topology Change Aware on Demand Routing Protocol for Improving Reliability and Stability of MANET

“…A well stable and reliable multipath QoS multicast routing (SR-MQMR) protocol [17] has been developed to enhance the utilization of the requested bandwidth. A velocity-aware and stability-estimation-based multipath routing protocol (VaSe-MRP) has been developed [18] to choose the reliable forwarding nodes using the velocity vector data.…”

“…The efficiency of the RSTA-AOMDV routing protocol is compared with the existing protocols such as TA-AOMDV [16], SR-MQMR [17], VaSe-MRP [18], AOMDV-FFn [19], AOMDV-MCA [21], RMQS-ua [22] and EEMR-ACO [23]. To analyze the QoS efficiency for the proposed protocol, the evaluation metrics considered in the simulation are E2E-D, throughput, NRO, PDR and MEC.…”

Softwarization of UAV Networks: A Survey of Applications and Future Trends

“…Integrating SDN in UAV networks is attractive due to the benefits and advantages provided by this technology [168]. The majority of approaches proposed in the literature consider UAVs as SDN switches on the data plane in order to exchange information in a distributed manner [169]. Moreover, the ground BSs are considered as controllers which collect data and perform control decisions on different aspects of networks [170], [171].…”

Performance Evaluation Based on Multi-UAV in Airborne Computer Network System

“…As a result, the use of simulations may both accelerate and enhance the development process by allowing for the easy testing of a wide range of parameters. Several published research articles describe the benefits of VANETs, such as the availability of exact and welltested communication protocol models and the usage of a network simulator, like NS-2 [13,14], NS-3 [15], OPNET [16,17], and OMNET++ [18][19][20]. The drawbacks in [19,20] OMNET has been used, several drones and one ground station, the protocol problem arises when some messages are lost and there is a loss of time, complexity, and energy.…”