Thromboxane B2 Blood Levels and Incipient System Clotting in Heparin Free Hemodialysis

Pulmonary Hypertension in Chronic Renal Failure Patients

“…The process of HD is associated with increased thromboxane production [28]. However, this does not happen in sham dialysis in healthy subjects in spite of complement activation and marked leukopenia, indicating the presence of other factors in ESRD patients [45] which may increase the sensitivity of pulmonary vessels to thromboxane.…”

The effect of selected pre‐analytical phase variables on plasma thromboxane A2 measurements in humans

“…In this study, we have selected an EIA‐based method for direct TxB 2 (11‐dTxB 2 ) measurement, because it is still one of the most accessible and suitable methods for the monitoring of the effect of ASA and aspirin response in ASA‐treated patients . It is widely known that in healthy donors, the plasma concentrations of TxB 2 (11‐dTxB 2 ) are relatively low (1–2 pg/mL TxB 2 ) . ASA treatment dependently of the used dose (100 mg per day is sufficient in 90% of patients to reach the selective cumulative inhibitory effect in low‐dose ASA‐treated patients – data not shown) leads to almost 95% reduction in TxB 2 (11‐dTxB 2 ) production .…”

“…These measurements lead us to an interesting observation that trisodium citrate–treated plasma gives concentrations of TxB 2 (11‐dTxB 2 ) comparable to those obtained in serum (Figures a,b and a,b). It is known that higher serum values of TxB 2 (32–64 pg/mL) are attributed to platelet activation, and thus, the ex vivo determination of TxB 2 reflects a maximal capacity of activated platelets to synthesize Tx via COX‐1 pathway – and it is a most sensitive measure of aspirin response; . It was also shown that Tx production does not necessarily correlate with aggregation – this is multifactorial .…”

“…It was also shown that Tx production does not necessarily correlate with aggregation – this is multifactorial . On the other hand, the heparinized platelet‐rich plasma simulates in vivo conditions and does not refer anything about platelet function in terms of maximal ability to produce Tx . The possible effect of trisodium citrate on the ex vivo platelet activation could be rather interesting and needs further characterization.…”

Physiologic Inhibitors of Coagulation in Patients on Chronic Hemodialysis

“…Besides conventional cardiovascular risk factors including diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, secondary hyperparathyroidism, hypoalbuminemia, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle, increasing attention has also been paid to the role of hemostatic factors. The regular contact of blood with bioincompatible dialyzer membranes induces platelet activation [5], plasma coagulation [6], and alterations in the physiologic inhibitors of coagulation. Over the past decade, there has been steady, albeit sluggish, progress in the understanding of the impact of chronic hemodialysis on endogenous plasma coagulation inhibitors.…”