Thrombophilic Abnormalities Among Patients With Cranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

Abstract

D-dimer is a very sensitive indicator of acute venous thrombosis, suggesting that elevations in patients with DAVFs are likely to reflect sinus thrombosis. D-dimer values decreased and nearly normalized in clinically cured patients during a long-term follow-up period, a finding consistent with completion of thrombosis and cure of the disease. To clarify the correlation between DAVF and sinus thrombosis from the aspect of etiology, we should thoroughly check the variation in the concentration of the thrombophilic factors in the patient with chronic sinus occlusion to know the variation in the fistula formation in the further study.

Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: Classification, Imaging Findings, and Treatment

“…[4][5][6][7] Two etiologic hypotheses based around sinus thrombosis have been put forward. The first is that physiologic arteriovenous shunts between meningeal arteries and dural venous sinuses enlarge in response to elevated local venous pressure, resulting in a pathologic shunt.…”

Hypothetical Mechanism of the Formation of Dural Arteriovenous Fistula – The Role and Course of Thrombosis of Emissary Vein and Sinuses

“…Its drainage route gradually occludes from the inferior petrosal sinus and superior ophthalmic vein 11 , and occasionally causes a paradoxical worsening of visual acuity and chemosis with ocular hypertension following occlusion of the anterior drainage route. During this progression, the thrombophilic abnormalities characteristic of DAVF are also reported [18][19][20][21][22] .…”

Coil embolization of cavernous sinus in patients with direct and dural arteriovenous fistula

“…Recommendations range between no antithrombotic therapy to full heparinization or double antiplatelet therapy, which is mandatory after reconstruction of the parent artery with stents. Especially in dural arteriovenous fistulae, variants of the coagulation system with hypercoagulability may occur more frequently than in the normal population, and venous thrombosis is suggested as a risk factor for the development of dural AVF [27][28][29][30]. Since we introduced a strict antithrombotic regimen, no more thrombembotic complications have been observed.…”