Thromboelastometry used for evaluation of blood coagulability in dogs with kidney diseases

Abstract

Kidney diseases as protein-losing nephropathies are predisposing conditions for thrombosis/ thromboembolism in dogs due to increased blood coagulability. The aim of this study was to use thromboelastometry for investigation of changes in haemostasis in dogs affected by renal proteinuria alone or concomitant with azotemia. The study was done at 55 client-owned, healthy (n = 34), proteinuric (n = 14), and proteinuric/azotemic (n = 7) dogs. Blood coagulation was assessed by means of standard coagulation profile and thromboelastometry (in-TEM, ex-TEM, and fib-TEM). In proteinuric dogs only the maximum clot firmness and maximum clot elasticity significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas in the proteinuric/azotemic dogs the thromboelastometric profiles showed a pronounced increase of blood coagulability, as indicated by significant changes (P < 0.05) of the variables clotting time, clot formation time, α angle, maximum clot firmness and maximum clot elasticity. After correction for group affiliation, the linear regression analysis showed a non significant association between changes in proteinuria and thromboelastometric profiles. In conclusion, thromboelastometric changes indicating hypercoagulabilty were more consistently found in the dogs with proteinuria/azotemia, than in those with proteinuria alone, suggesting that the former dogs can be considered at higher thrombotic risk. This is the first study where thromboelastometry has been applied to the investigation of haemostatic changes in dogs with kidney diseases. Proteinuria, azotemia, viscoelastic technique, hypercoagulability

Assessing the Methodology for Calculating Platelet Contribution to Clot Strength (Platelet Component) in Thromboelastometry and Thrombelastography

“… 38 A more recent animal study also reported significant ( P < 0.05) moderate correlation between these parameters. 77 Variability in the correlation between ROTEM ® platelet component and platelet count may be attributable to the platelet component being a measure of platelet function, which may be distinct from platelet count. Similar considerations apply to TEG ® , where correlations between platelet count and TEG ® MA have been documented.…”

Thromboelastometric assessment of hemostasis following hydroxyethyl starch (130/0.4) administration as a constant rate infusion in hypoalbuminemic dogs

“…Hypoalbuminemic dogs are a type of patients in which natural or synthetic colloids are frequently used to support the COP. These patients have also a high risk to form venous and arterial thrombi, and some studies have identified by means of ROTEM or thromboelastography (ROTEG) a hypercoagulable condition in dogs with protein losing enteropathy (PLE) or nephropathy (PLN) [ 24 – 27 ]. The hypothesized mechanism at baseline of this prothrombotic condition is a loss of proteins (from the kidney or the gut), which implies the loss of anticoagulant factors such as antithrombin [ 28 – 30 ].…”

Intermittent hemodialysis in dogs with chronic kidney disease stage III

“…Anemia is a common complication in CKD due to deficiencies of erythropoietin and iron (FALCO et al, 2013). In HDG, blood loss during dialysis reduces Table 1 -Clinical values (average ± standard deviation) of red blood cell (RBC) count (× 10 6 µL -1 ), hematocrit (%), hemoglobin, and total platelet count (× 10 3 mm -3 ) of animals in the control group (CG) and the hemodialysis group (HDG) before (PRE) and after (POST) treatment (Day 1 to Day 15).…”