Three-terminal RGB full-color OLED pixels for ultrahigh density displays

Abstract

In recent years, the organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology has been a rapidly evolving field of research, successfully making the transition to commercial applications such as mobile phones and other small portable devices. OLEDs provide efficient generation of light, excellent color quality, and allow for innovative display designs, e.g., curved shapes, mechanically flexible and/or transparent devices. Especially their self emissive nature is a highly desirable feature for display applications. In this work, we demonstrate an approach for full-color OLED pixels that are fabricated by vertical stacking of a red-, green-, and blue-emitting unit. Each unit can be addressed separately which allows for efficient generation of every color that is accessible by superpositioning the spectra of the individual emission units. Here, we use a combination of time division multiplexing and pulse width modulation to achieve efficient color mixing. The presented device design requires only three independently addressable electrodes, simplifying both fabrication and electrical driving. The device is built in a top-emission geometry, which is highly desirable for display fabrication as the pixel can be directly deposited onto back-plane electronics. Despite the top-emission design and the application of three silver layers within the device, there is only a minor color shift even for large viewing angles. The color space spanned by the three emission sub-units exceeds the sRGB space, providing more saturated green/yellow/red colors. Furthermore, the electrical performance of each individual unit is on par with standard single emission unit OLEDs, showing very low leakage currents and achieving brightness levels above 1000 cd/m2 at moderate voltages of around 3–4 V.

Toward Design of Novel Materials for Organic Electronics

“…[1] Current and future applications of organic semiconductors range from commercially available OLED displays [2] and infrared applications [3,4] over potentially printable organic [1,5] and hybrid This experimentally driven approach is increasingly augmented by model-based screening of compounds in various application domains. [1] Current and future applications of organic semiconductors range from commercially available OLED displays [2] and infrared applications [3,4] over potentially printable organic [1,5] and hybrid This experimentally driven approach is increasingly augmented by model-based screening of compounds in various application domains.…”

Survey on Single Stage Amplifiers for Column Drivers in Active Matrix LCD Panels Leading to a Highly Linear Rail-to-Rail Robust Amplifier

“…Also noticed, the power dissipation is lowered by the presence of the shunt current term I sh . However, one of the downfalls of this configuration is lowering the value of the slew rate as shown in (9).…”

“…This eliminates the need to a backlight unit wither CCFL lamps of LEDs allowing the panel to be much thinner than LCD and LED displays [9]. This technology also uses active matrix addressing technique with the incorporation of TFTs in each pixel while also addressing each pixel through the use of a row and a column drivers [10].…”

Electroluminescence performance of a series of fluorene/2,5‐di(2‐thienyl)‐1H‐pyrrole polymers

“…[1][2][3] Among them, OLEDs have gained massive attention as a new technology to be used in display panels. 4 They have low operating voltage and power consumption, high brightness, a wide range of colors, easy fabrication techniques, viewing angle independence for images, and unneeded display backlight. 5 Therefore, they have been gradually becoming more attractive in display and lighting market.…”

“…Conjugated polymers are superior materials in optoelectronic applications such as organic light‐emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic photovoltaic cells, organic field‐effect transistors, electrochromic materials, and optical sensors 1‐3 . Among them, OLEDs have gained massive attention as a new technology to be used in display panels 4 . They have low operating voltage and power consumption, high brightness, a wide range of colors, easy fabrication techniques, viewing angle independence for images, and unneeded display backlight 5 .…”