Three New Members of the Mouse Prolactin/Growth Hormone Family Are Homologous to Proteins Expressed in the Rat

Lin, Jiandie D.

doi:10.1210/en.138.12.5541

Cited by 22 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…PRL family genes have also been mapped to similar regions within the genome. In the mouse, PRL family genes are located on chromosome 13 (Jackson-Grusby et al 1988, Lin et al 1997a,b, Orwig et al 1997b, Dai et al 1998, Toft & Linzer 1999. Consistent with this pattern, genes for PLP-J, PLP-K and PLP-M were also mapped to the Prl locus on mouse chromosome 13.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Expressed sequence tags (ESTs) isolated from mouse and rat uterine and extraembryonic cDNA libraries with homology to members of the PRL family have been found in the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database (Bethesda, MD, USA). Perusal of this repository resulted in the demonstration of previously unidentified orthologs for mouse and rat PRL family members (Lin et al 1997a, Orwig et al 1997b, Müller et al 1998a, Sahgal et al 2000 and the discovery of novel members of the mouse and rat PRL gene families (Lin et al 1997b, Müller et al 1998b, Ishibashi & Imai 1999.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Three novel paralogs of the rodent prolactin gene family

Dai

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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The prolactin (PRL) family consists of a collection of genes expressed in the uterus, placenta and anterior pituitary. These cytokines/hormones participate in the control of maternal-fetal adaptations to pregnancy. In this report, we establish the presence of three new members of the PRL family. Novel expressed sequence tags (ESTs) with homology to PRL were isolated from embryonic and placental cDNA libraries. The cDNAs were sequenced and compared with those of other members of the PRL family. The three new cDNAs were assigned to the PRL family on the basis of sequence similarities and were referred to as PRL-like protein-J (PLP-J), PRL-like protein-K (PLP-K) and PRL-like protein-M (PLP-M). Both rat and mouse PLP-J cDNAs were identified. Rat PLP-J cDNA encodes for a predicted 211 amino acid protein containing a 29 amino acid signal peptide and two putative N-linked glycosylation sites, whereas the mouse PLP-J cDNA encodes for a 212 amino acid protein containing a 29 amino acid signal peptide with a single N-linked glycosylation site. Rat and mouse PLP-J proteins share approximately 79% and 70% nucleotide and amino acid sequence identity, respectively. A full-length rat PLP-K cDNA and a partial tentative mouse PLP-K cDNA were identified. The rat PLP-K cDNA encodes for a predicted 228 amino acid protein containing a 31 amino acid signal peptide and one putative N-linked glycosylation site; the mouse PLP-M cDNA encodes for a predicted 228 amino acid protein containing a 28 amino acid signal peptide and one putative N-linked glycosylation site. Genes for PLP-J, PLP-K and PLP-M are situated at the Prl family locus on mouse chromosome 13. PLP-J was exclusively expressed in decidual tissue from both the mouse and rat. PLP-K was expressed in trophoblast cells of the chorioallantoic placenta and showed an apparent species difference. In the mouse, virtually all trophoblast lineages expressed PLP-K, whereas in the rat, PLP-K expression was restricted to the labyrinthine trophoblast cells. Mouse PLP-M expression was restricted to the junctional zone of the chorioallantoic placenta. In summary, we have identified three new members of the rodent PRL gene family that are expressed in uterine and placental structures. Future experimentation is needed to determine the specific roles of each of these ligands in the biology of pregnancy.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three novel paralogs of the rodent prolactin gene family

Dai

Wang²,

Liu³

et al. 2000

Journal of Endocrinology

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“…1997a, Müller et al 1998c, present study). The degree of similarity between the rat and mouse cDNAs is comparable to that observed for other PRL family members possessing rat and mouse homologs (PRL, Maurer et al (1981), Cooke & Baxter (1982), Linzer & Talamantes (1985); PL-I, Colosi et al (1987), Robertson et al (1990), Hirosawa et al (1994), Dai et al (1996a); PL-II, Duckworth et al (1986a), Jackson et al (1986), Dai et al (1996a); PLP-A, Duckworth et al (1986b), Lin et al (1997b), Müller et al (1998b); PLP-B, Duckworth et al (1988), Lin et al (1997b), Mü ller et al (1988b; decidual prolactin-related protein, Roby et al (1993), Lin et al (1997b), Orwig et al (1997b)). Based on the significant structural homologies, the two newly identified cDNAs were classified as rat homologs of PLF-RP and PLP-F.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of two new nonclassical members of the rat prolactin family

Sahgal¹,

Knipp²,

Liu³

et al. 2000

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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The prolactin (PRL) family is comprised of a group of hormones/cytokines that are expressed in the anterior pituitary, uterus, and placenta. These proteins participate in the control of maternal and fetal adaptations to pregnancy. In this report, we have identified two new nonclassical members of the rat PRL family through a search of the National Center for Biotechnology Information dbEST database. The cDNAs were sequenced and their corresponding mRNAs characterized. Overall, the rat cDNAs showed considerable structural similarities with mouse proliferin-related protein (PLF-RP) and prolactin-like protein-F (PLP-F), consistent with their classification as rat homologs for PLF-RP and PLP-F. The expression of both cytokines/hormones was restricted to the placenta. The intraplacental sites of PLF-RP and PLP-F synthesis differed in the rat and the mouse. In the mouse, PLF-RP was expressed in the trophoblast giant cell layer of the midgestation chorioallantoic and choriovitelline placentas and, during later gestation, in the trophoblast giant cell and spongiotrophoblast layers within the junctional zone of the mouse chorioallantoic placenta. In contrast, in the rat, PLF-RP was first expressed in the primordium of the chorioallantoic placenta (ectoplacental cone region) and, later, exclusively within the labyrinth zone of the chorioallantoic placenta. In the mouse, PLP-F is an exclusive product of the spongiotrophoblast layer, whereas in the rat, trophoblast giant cells were found to be the major source of PLP-F, with a lesser contribution from spongiotrophoblast cells late in gestation. In summary, we have established the presence of PLF-RP and PLP-F in the rat.

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“…Linkage data from the C57BL/6J × Mus spretus backcross indicated that the Prlpa gene was located on Chr 13. Other members of the mouse PRL gene family have also been localized to Chr 13 (Jackson-Grusby et al 1988;Ko et al 1994;Lin et al 1997;Orwig et al 1997); however, their arrangement on Chr 13 has not been reported. Physical relationships of the PRL family genes along Chr 13 may provide insights into the nature of their coordinated tissue-and cell-specific expression patterns.…”

Section: Incorporating Mouse Genomementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prolactin-like protein-A (PLP-A) is a member of the prolactin (PRL) gene family and is expressed by trophoblast cells of the developing rat and mouse chorioallantoic placenta (Lin et al 1997;Müller et al 1998). PLP-A has been proposed to participate in the control of maternal immunologic responses prerequisite for the establishment of pregnancy through its specific interactions with uterine natural killer cells (H. Müller and M.J. Soares, unpublished).…”

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confidence: 99%