“…In particular, Monte Carlo (MC) simulation allows considering the interactions among the physical parameters of the process (e.g., temperature, pressure, flow rate, etc. ), human actions, components stochastic failures, and malicious activities (Zio, 2013;Wang et al, 2017b). Attacks aiming at damaging different components of the CPSs can, thus, be explored, generating different scenarios in the physical domain which lead to different consequences (e.g., magnitude of failure).…”