Three
            <i>motAB</i>
            Stator Gene Products in
            <i>Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus</i>
            Contribute to Motility of a Single Flagellum during Predatory and Prey-Independent Growth

Morehouse, Karen A.; Hobley, Laura; Capeness, Michael J.; Sockett, R. Elizabeth

doi:10.1128/jb.00941-10

Cited by 28 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…None of the flagellin genes appears to be essential except for fliC3 which is required for predation in suspension cultures (Lambert et al 2006). Likewise, three pairs of MotAB flagellar motor proteins contribute unevenly to flagellar rotation, none being essential (Morehouse et al 2011). Flagellar motility is crucial for encountering prey but is neither required for prey penetration nor for slow surface-associated gliding motility (15-20 mm h À1 ).…”

Section: Attack Phasementioning

confidence: 96%

Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms

2014

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Section: Attack Phasementioning

confidence: 96%

Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms

2014

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“…Flannagan et al (6) downregulated an motA motility gene, resulting in variously shaped bdelloplasts, reduction in the motility of progeny bdellovibrios, and a much delayed lysis release. Another group also observed delayed bdelloplast lysis when Bdellovibrio motility genes were altered (7). Some of the outer-region bdelloplasts in our film show the elongating, enclosed growing bdellovibrios, but these cells do not appear to be septating into progeny.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Spatially Organized Films from Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Prey Lysates

Ferguson

Núñez

Kim

et al. 2014

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a Gram-negative predator of other Gram-negative bacteria. Interestingly, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus 109J cells grown in coculture with Escherichia coli ML-35 prey develop into a spatially organized two-dimensional film when located on a nutrient-rich surface. From deposition of 10 l of a routine cleared coculture of B. bacteriovorus and E. coli cells, the cells multiply into a macroscopic community and segregate into an inner, yellow circular region and an outer, off-white region. Fluorescence in situ hybridization and atomic force microscopy measurements confirm that the mature film is spatially organized into two morphologically distinct Bdellovibrio populations, with primarily small, vibroid cells in the center and a complex mixture of pleomorphic cells in the outer radii. The interior region cell population exhibits the hunting phenotype while the outer region cell subpopulation does not. Crowding and high nutrient availability with limited prey appear to favor diversification of the B. bacteriovorus population into two distinct, thriving subpopulations and may be beneficial to the persistence of B. bacteriovorus in biofilms.

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“…They develop internally in the periplasm of the prey, sequentially degrading prey macromolecules, killing prey in a few minutes and digesting their contents over 2 to 4 h (16,17). Escape of progeny Bdellovibrio cells from exhausted prey has been presumed to involve both lytic enzymes and flagellar rotation (13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Predatory Bdellovibrio Bacteria Use Gliding Motility To Scout for Prey on Surfaces

et al. 2011

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Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a famously fast, flagellate predatory bacterium, preying upon Gram-negative bacteria in liquids; how it interacts with prey on surfaces such as in medical biofilms is unknown. Here we report that Bdellovibrio bacteria "scout" for prey bacteria on solid surfaces, using slow gliding motility that is present in flagellum-negative and pilus-negative strains.Surface-associated, Gram-negative bacterial biofilms are an increasing health problem along with resistance to commonly prescribed antibiotics (7). The small, naturally predatory, soil deltaproteobacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus preys upon and kills a wide range of such pathogens in liquids and on biofilms (1). Bdellovibrio bacteria are famously fast and flagellate in liquids, swimming at high speeds (60 to 160 m/s) by rotating a single polar flagellum, using chemotaxis to locate regions rich in prey bacteria (5,9,20). We showed previously that although flagellum-based swimming allows encounters with prey-rich regions, it is nonessential for prey entry once prey are encountered and cannot account for surface interactions with prey in biofilms where liquid is scarce (9). Prey bacteria are invaded in a process that involves type IV pili; Bdellovibrio bacteria pass through the outer membrane, which is then resealed (2, 10). They develop internally in the periplasm of the prey, sequentially degrading prey macromolecules, killing prey in a few minutes and digesting their contents over 2 to 4 h (16, 17). Escape of progeny Bdellovibrio cells from exhausted prey has been presumed to involve both lytic enzymes and flagellar rotation (13).To study interactions between Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 and prey on surfaces, we applied 10-l samples of predatory Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 and mutant strains (⌬pilA, ⌬fliC3, and mreB monomeric teal fluorescent protein [mTFP] tagged) mixed with Escherichia coli prey bacteria on solid 1% agarose pad surfaces in 2 mM CaCl 2 -25 mM HEPES (pH 7.6) buffer, and microscopic images were acquired over several hours at room temperature every 150 s as described previously (3). The fliC3 mutant was constructed as described elsewhere (9), and the mreB mTFP fusions were constructed as described elsewhere (4). Silent, in-frame deletions of the pilA and Bd0416 genes were constructed by a modification of the method of Steyert and Pineiro (19).The microscopic images were then encoded into time-lapse movies at 7 frames per second (fps). Speeds of moving Bdellovibrio bacteria were measured by determining the path of specific cells using the montage function of the SimplePCI imaging software program (Compix Inc. Imaging Systems), and then the measuring tool and time signatures were used to acquire speeds. Standard deviations of speeds are shown in Table 1, and the Student t test was used to determine significance of differences using the Microsoft Excel software program.When Bdellovibrio progeny lysed their digested prey and emerged to other immobilized prey cells on the agarose pad, they were unable to swim to...

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Three motAB Stator Gene Products in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Contribute to Motility of a Single Flagellum during Predatory and Prey-Independent Growth

Cited by 28 publications

References 30 publications

Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms

Bdellovibrio and Like Organisms

Spatially Organized Films from Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus Prey Lysates

Predatory Bdellovibrio Bacteria Use Gliding Motility To Scout for Prey on Surfaces

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