Three-dimensional reconstruction of geological surfaces: An example of growth strata and turbidite systems from the Ainsa basin (Pyrenees, Spain)

Geology of the Cotiella thrust sheet, southern Pyrenees (Spain)

“…The structure in depth depicted in the cross-sections was constrained by 3D reconstructions of the Gavarnie and Montsec -Peña Montañesa thrusts constructed by Fernández, Muñoz, Arbués, Falivene, and Marzo (2004) and by Muñoz et al (2000), where structural interpretations were constrained with the available subsurface data from the Tremp-Graus basin. In the Cotiella Basin, the general structural and stratigraphic features were extracted as vertical slices from a surface-data-based 3D reconstruction of the Cotiella Basin presented by Lopez-Mir, Muñoz, and García-Senz (2016).…”

Estructura herciniana y alpina de las colinas de Barcelona:

“…All the available surface and subsurface data were georeferenced in order to accurately project the data onto cross-sectional planes and construct 3D geological models of selected areas, mainly near the trace of the new underground line (Fernández et al, 2004(Fernández et al, , 2009. A 3D methodological approach is fundamental when dealing with well data acquired along linear constructions in urban areas since the trace of Line 9 of the Barcelona underground is sinuous, not unlike those of other underground lines.…”

Petro-structural map of the Money Unit (Gran Paradiso Massif, Valnontey valley, Western Alps)

“…A purely 3D approach, based on geological field data, has been used for this purpose. This method avoids the use of cross sections as an intermediate step that can mask the real 3D geometry of geological structures (Fernández et al, 2004). The contact surface has been interpolated in 3D with the DSI methods, which it is based on the outcrop curve, foliation and axis orientation/plunge data, according to the procedure described in Le Carlier de , Salles et al (2011), andCaumon et al (2009).…”