Three-Dimensional Printing Multifunctional Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) for Structural Elements

Bao, Yi; Xu, Meng; Soltan, Daniel; Xia, Tian; Shih, Albert J.; Clack, Herek L.; Li, Victor C.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-99519-9_11

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Considering that cement-based materials need reinforcement to improve their load-carrying capacity and the practical difficulty of using traditional steel reinforcement (rebar) in conjunction with 3D printing, the use of discrete, short fiber reinforcements (e.g., microfibers) within the cement ink has been proposed as an alternative (8,(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26). An extensive discussion regarding reinforcement of 3D printed concrete can be found in Asprone et al (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Age Performance of 3D Printed Carbon Nanofiber and Carbon Microfiber Cement Composites

Kosson

Brown

Sanchez

2020

Transportation Research Record

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3D printed cement composites with and without carbon nanofiber (CNF) and microfiber (CF) reinforcement within the cement ink were evaluated at seven days and compared with their traditionally cast counterparts. A liquid lubrication layer at the extrusion nozzle was noted. The reinforcement type influenced the formation of the extruded filament, with underextrusion seen during 3D printing with the CNF cement ink while sudden discontinuation of extrusion was experienced during 3D printing with the CF cement ink. No noticeable interfacial region between printed filaments was observed in the 3D printed cement composites, with the exception of air cavities between printed filaments of the composite fabricated with the CNF cement ink. Lower compressive strengths were seen in the direction orthogonal to the print path for the 3D printed composites compared with the cast composites. The addition of CFs within the cement ink reduced this strength difference and led to strain softening in the post peak behavior.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early-Age Performance of 3D Printed Carbon Nanofiber and Carbon Microfiber Cement Composites

Kosson

Brown

Sanchez

2020

Transportation Research Record

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“…This work was purely analytical and computational and did not discuss the actual manufacturing of such graded material. Bao et al (2018) studied the structural and purification performance of small Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) slabs, in which titanium oxide TiO 2 was added to the mixture throughout either the full or part of the slab. The assumption was that such grading could be achieved through extrusion-based concrete printing processes, but in that particular study consecutive manually operated caulk guns, loaded with the two different mixtures, were used.…”

Section: Functional Grading In 3dcpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is a universal principle to create concretes with different properties, although generally in a continuous rather than a graded composition. This approach is similar to those applied by Bao et al (2018) and Duballet, Gosselin, and Roux (2015), but expands on it as it aims not to be constrained to the variation of a single type of particle. Alternative concepts could include the addition of gaseous or fluid admixtures (Oxman, Keating, and Tsai 2011), but are outside the scope of the current study.…”

Section: Dcp Functional Grading Concept and Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

On-demand additive manufacturing of functionally graded concrete

Ahmed

Bos

Brunschot

et al. 2020

Virtual and Physical Prototyping

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The rapid development of additive manufacturing of cementitious materials has enabled the emergence of a new design paradigm, namely functional grading of material properties by location. Target performance parameters could be material weight and insulation value or (particularly important) ductility. A generic concept to achieve this, is through the selective addition of fibres or aggregates. In 3D concrete printing (3DCP), this concept can be developed into two strategies: by adding particles (i) to the bulk mixture through a second stage mixing process at the printer head (Simultaneous Process, SP), or (ii) in between the layers of deposited cementitious filament (Repetitive Sequential Process, RSP). The present paper presents the development of specific equipment required to obtain on-demand functional grading of the printed material. Subsequently, the application of these systems in print trials is shown. The current study focussed on ductility by creating fibre-reinforced 3D printed concrete through both strategies. The mechanical performance of the obtained material has been established through compressive, flexural, and crack-mouth opening displacement tests. To underline the generic nature of the strategies, a trial with lightweight aggregates has also been performed. It was shown that particularly the SP is capable of achieving improvements in ductility and selfweight.

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“…Figure 6, which indicates that adding PVA fibers effectively increased the ultimate tensile strain and the toughness of the specimens. e high tensile ductility and multiple cracking of ECC are due to the synergy effect of the matrix, fibers, and fibermatrix interface under tension [37,38]. e PVA fibers were randomly distributed in the matrix.…”

Section: Ecc MIX Proportion Uniform Test Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

ECC Design Based on Uniform Design Test Method and Alternating Conditional Expectation

Yang

Ding

et al. 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering

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Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) have higher ultimate tensile strains than normal concrete. The mechanical properties of ECC strongly depend on raw materials and the mix proportions. The uniform design test method and alternating conditional expectation, which is a nonparametric regression analysis method, were used to design the ECC mix proportion. According to the regression analysis, the optimized W/B, S/B, and F/B ranges could be obtained as 0.35–0.42, 0.25–0.3, and 0.02, respectively. The tested proportions for validation were randomly adopted within the range of W/B, S/B, and F/B. The uniaxial compression, tension, and four-point bending tests were conducted to verify the material behaviour of the designed ECC. Results showed that all the specimens had large ultimate tensile strains and high fracture energy capacities, and strain hardening was also observed. The fibers were found to be uniformly distributed in the specimens by using a scanning electron microscope. This paper may provide theoretical and practical guidance for the ECC and other cement-based material mix proportion design.

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Three-Dimensional Printing Multifunctional Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) for Structural Elements

Cited by 28 publications

References 16 publications

Early-Age Performance of 3D Printed Carbon Nanofiber and Carbon Microfiber Cement Composites

Early-Age Performance of 3D Printed Carbon Nanofiber and Carbon Microfiber Cement Composites

On-demand additive manufacturing of functionally graded concrete

ECC Design Based on Uniform Design Test Method and Alternating Conditional Expectation

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