Three-dimensional lithography by elasto-capillary engineering of filamentary materials

Tawfick, Sameh; Bico, José; Barcelo, Steven

doi:10.1557/mrs.2016.4

Cited by 29 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Combining buckling and bundling mechanisms may also explain qualitatively di↵erent morphologies observed experimentally such as pyramidal bundles or cellular patterns. Indeed, isolated pillars or small bundles may buckle and collapse on the substrate, while wider bundles may resist and form the walls of the observed cells (Chiodi et al, 2010, Tawfick et al, 2016. However, further work would be necessary to confirm quantitatively such scenario.…”

Section: Size Distribution Although Both Bundling Mechanisms Providementioning

confidence: 96%

“…Intriguing twisted bundles may even be observed (Pokroy et al, 2009, Kang et al, 2010. In material science, beautiful works have recently been devoted to "elasto-capillary engineering" of filamentary materials (Tawfick et al, 2016). Elegant nanotube "gardens" are for instance produced by combining the controlled growth of carbon nanotubes on silicon substrates and capillary bundling (García et al, 2007, De Volder et al, 2010, De Volder et al, 2011.…”

Section: Elastocapillary Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(d) Alternative mechanism involving a single step as an initially immersed array of fibres is progressively dried. Sketch adapted from (Tawfick et al, 2016).…”

Section: Elastocapillary Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastocapillarity: When Surface Tension Deforms Elastic Solids

Bico

Reyssat

Roman

2018

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

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243

195

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Although negligible at large scales, capillary forces may become dominant for submillimetric objects. Surface tension is usually associated with the spherical shape of small droplets and bubbles, wetting phenomena, imbibition or the motion of insects at the surface of water. However, beyond liquid interfaces, capillary forces can also deform solid bodies in their bulk as observed in recent experiments with very soft gels. Capillary interactions, which are responsible for the cohesion of sand castles, can also bend slender structures and induce the bundling of arrays of fibres. Thin sheets can finally spontaneously wrap liquid droplets within the limit of the constraints dictated by di↵erential geometry. The aim of this review is to describe the di↵erent scaling parameters and characteristic lengths involved in "elastocapillarity". We focus successively on three main configurations: • 3D, deformations induced in bulk solids • 1D, bending and bundling of rod-like structures • 2D, bending and stretching of thin sheets Although each configuration would deserve a detailed review, we hope our broad description will provide a general view on elastocapillarity.

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Section: Size Distribution Although Both Bundling Mechanisms Providementioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Elastocapillary Self-assemblymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Elastocapillarity: When Surface Tension Deforms Elastic Solids

Bico

Reyssat

Roman

2018

Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.

Self Cite

243

195

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show abstract

“…The ability to generate and manipulate liquid droplets as well as to control how they interact with solid substrates has attracted increased interest in the scientific community due to the number of applications in which droplet dynamics plays a fundamental role. Understanding, predicting and controlling these processes is essential, for example, in the design of new materials and devices at small scales [2][3][4][5] ; droplets are present in optofluidic optical attenuators 6 , microfluidic electronic paper 7 and, in general, in bubble-and droplet-based microfluidic platforms [8][9][10] that are used for industrial, biological and chemical applications, such as high-and ultrahigh-throughput screening [11][12][13] , enzymatic assays 14 and chemical synthesis 15 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wettability control of droplet durotaxis

et al. 2018

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Durotaxis refers to cell motion directed by stiffness gradients of an underlying substrate. Recent work has shown that droplets also move spontaneously along stiffness gradients through a process reminiscent of durotaxis. Wetting droplets, however, move toward softer substrates, an observation seemingly at odds with cell motion. Here, we extend our understanding of this phenomenon, and show that wettability of the substrate plays a critical role: while wetting droplets move in the direction of lower stiffness, nonwetting liquids reverse droplet durotaxis. Our numerical experiments also reveal that Laplace pressure can be used to determine the direction of motion of liquid slugs in confined environments. Our results suggest new ways of controlling droplet dynamics at small scales, which can open the door to enhanced bubble and droplet logic in microfluidic platforms.

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“…The ancient Japanese arts of origami and kirigami serve as design inspiration for several promising alternative approaches, but automated processes of cutting and folding that apply to a full range of functional thin film materials and across length scales, from micrometer to centimeter dimensions, do not currently exist . Some of the most attractive techniques rely on 2D to 3D geometrical transformation by action of forces derived from mismatch strains, capillary effects, electromagnetic interactions, or dimensional change . A variety of simple 3D layouts can be achieved in this way, although with important limitations in speeds of assembly, levels of engineering control, options in constituent materials, and ranges of accessible device types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanically Guided Post‐Assembly of 3D Electronic Systems

Kim

Liu

et al. 2018

Adv Funct Materials

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This paper describes deterministic assembly processes for transforming conventional, planar devices based on flexible printed circuit board (FPCB) platforms into those with 3D architectures in a manner that is fully compatible with off-the-shelf packaged or unpackaged component parts. The strategy involves mechanically guided geometry transformation by out-ofplane buckling motions that follow from controlled forces imposed at precise locations across the FPCB substrate by a prestretched elastomer platform. The geometries and positions of cuts, slits, and openings defined into the FPCB provide additional design parameters to control the final 3D layouts. The mechanical tunability of the resulting 3D FPCB platforms, afforded by elastic deformations of the substrate, allows these electronic systems to operate in an adaptable manner, as demonstrated in simple examples of an optoelectronic sensor that offers adjustable detecting angle/area and a nearfield communication antenna that can be tuned to accommodate changes in the electromagnetic properties of its surroundings. These approaches to 3D FPCB technologies create immediate opportunities for designs in multifunctional systems that leverage state-of-the-art components. Figure 6. a) Optical image and b) FEA results for an array of 3D FPCB systems fabricated in a single-step, parallel assembly process.

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Three-dimensional lithography by elasto-capillary engineering of filamentary materials

Abstract: Abstract

Cited by 29 publications

References 62 publications

Elastocapillarity: When Surface Tension Deforms Elastic Solids

Elastocapillarity: When Surface Tension Deforms Elastic Solids

Wettability control of droplet durotaxis

Mechanically Guided Post‐Assembly of 3D Electronic Systems

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