Three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon/graphene composites derived from graphene oxide-chitosan hydrogels for high performance supercapacitors

Sun, Guanglin; Li, Bing; Ran, Jiabing; Shen, Xinyu; Tong, Hua

doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2015.05.009

Cited by 124 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The capacitive nature of chitosan has been improved by nitrogen doping [ 42 , 43 ]. The addition of graphene is known to improve conductivity [ 44 , 45 ]. The versatility of chitosan-based membranes in electrochemical devices motivates their application in the SS-ISE as the solid contact for potentiometric ion-selective sensors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Solid-State Sodium-Selective Electrode with a Solid Contact of Chitosan/Prussian Blue Nanocomposite

Ghosh

Chung

Rieger

2017

Sensors

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Conventional ion-selective electrodes with a liquid junction have the disadvantage of potential drift. All-solid-state ion-selective electrodes with solid contact in between the metal electrode and the ion-selective membrane offer high capacitance or conductance to enhance potential stability. Solution-casted chitosan/Prussian blue nanocomposite (ChPBN) was employed as the solid contact layer for an all-solid-state sodium ion-selective electrode in a potentiometric sodium ion sensor. Morphological and chemical analyses confirmed that the ChPBN is a macroporous network of chitosan that contains abundant Prussian blue nanoparticles. Situated between a screen-printed carbon electrode and a sodium-ionophore-filled polyvinylchloride ion-selective membrane, the ChPBN layer exhibited high redox capacitance and fast charge transfer capability, which significantly enhanced the performance of the sodium ion-selective electrode. A good Nernstian response with a slope of 52.4 mV/decade in the linear range from 10−4–1 M of NaCl was observed. The stability of the electrical potential of the new solid contact was tested by chronopotentiometry, and the capacitance of the electrode was 154 ± 4 µF. The response stability in terms of potential drift was excellent (1.3 µV/h) for 20 h of continuous measurement. The ChPBN proved to be an efficient solid contact to enhance the potential stability of the all-solid-state ion-selective electrode.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Solid-State Sodium-Selective Electrode with a Solid Contact of Chitosan/Prussian Blue Nanocomposite

Ghosh

Chung

Rieger

2017

Sensors

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“…Vacuum carbonisation 1,2 offers a direct approach to the formation of porous carbon products 3,4,5 via conversion of organic precursor materials such as cellulose, 6,7 starches, 8,9 chitosan, 10,11 poly-acrylonitrile, 12,13 poly-pyridine, 14 graphene oxide, 15,16 or other types of carbon sources. 17,18 Charring may occur under mild conditions, but graphitisation only takes place at much higher temperatures (beyond 1000 o C) yielding more ordered and more electrically conducting forms of carbon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intrinsically Microporous Polymer Retains Porosity in Vacuum Thermolysis to Electroactive Heterocarbon

Rong

Sanchez-Fernandez

et al. 2015

Langmuir

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Vacuum carbonization of organic precursors usually causes considerable structural damage and collapse of morphological features. However, for a polymer with intrinsic microporosity (PIM-EA-TB with a Brunauer-Emmet-Teller (BET) surface area of 1027 m(2)g(-1)), it is shown here that the rigidity of the molecular backbone is retained even during 500 °C vacuum carbonization, yielding a novel type of microporous heterocarbon (either as powder or as thin film membrane) with properties between those of a conducting polymer and those of a carbon. After carbonization, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphology and the small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) Guinier radius remain largely unchanged as does the cumulative pore volume. However, the BET surface area is decreased to 242 m(2)g(-1), but microporosity is considerably increased. The new material is shown to exhibit noticeable electrochemical features including two pH-dependent capacitance domains switching from ca. 33 Fg(-1) (when oxidized) to ca. 147 Fg(-1) (when reduced), a low electron transfer reactivity toward oxygen and hydrogen peroxide, and a four-point-probe resistivity (dry) of approximately 40 MΩ/square for a 1-2 μm thick film.

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“…But the results were quiet opposite the conductivity increases and the capacitance decreases by increasing EG in the network. This may be due to the partial agglomeration of graphene sheet or the thickness which may alter the conductivity and effect the capacitance of our prepared EDLCs [40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Preparation of highly expanded graphene with large surface area and its additional conductive effect for EDLC performance

Ullah

Kim

Yang

et al. 2015

J Mater Sci: Mater Electron

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Expanded graphene (EG) has been produced using fast oxidation/intercalation process. The as prepared EG were then used as conductive additive to study the electrochemical properties of activated carbon based electric double layered supercapacitors (EDLCs). The physiochemical properties of EG were studied using scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopic techniques, atomic force microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. The electrochemical properties were studied using charge/discharge cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. All the electrochemical tests were carried out in 1 M, TEA BF 4 in acetonitrile as a suitable electrolyte for our AC based supercapacitors. Electrochemical test reveals that EG greatly affect the conductivity of the ions through the AC/EG interface. The specific capacitance remains the same for smaller values of EG in the composites electrodes. These results also evident the optimum loading of graphene in the future graphene based EDLCs.

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Three-dimensional hierarchical porous carbon/graphene composites derived from graphene oxide-chitosan hydrogels for high performance supercapacitors

Cited by 124 publications

References 37 publications

All-Solid-State Sodium-Selective Electrode with a Solid Contact of Chitosan/Prussian Blue Nanocomposite

All-Solid-State Sodium-Selective Electrode with a Solid Contact of Chitosan/Prussian Blue Nanocomposite

Intrinsically Microporous Polymer Retains Porosity in Vacuum Thermolysis to Electroactive Heterocarbon

Preparation of highly expanded graphene with large surface area and its additional conductive effect for EDLC performance

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