Three-dimensional CFD simulation of industrial Claus reactors

Simulation, equipment performance evaluation and sensitivity analysis as a comprehensive parametric study of sulfur recovery unit

“…The COS and sulfur allotropes deviations can be ignored due to their low contribution to this section output stream. On the other hand, sulfur allotrope conversions to each other are occurred through complex reactions that depend on various parameters such as the concentration of other components, so the expectation of very low deviation for sulfur allotropes is not logical. However, an acceptable deviation percentage is achieved by considering all allotropes uniformly as a sulfur element, and all errors can be considered in a reliable interval.…”

Numerical Simulation Applied to PVD Reactors: An Overview

“…Some software and platforms have support services to assist users in solving problems that arise in projects. PVD coatings mechanical properties prediction ANSYS 12.0 [7] Creation of a three-dimensional model describing flow fields and chemical reactions in Claus reactors COMSOL Multiphysics [24] Tribological performance and wear of coated cutting tools AdvantEdg 7.1 [16] Development of the model to evaluate the thermal performance of a solar tubular reactor ANSYS-CFX 14.0 [25] Computer simulation of internal stresses on the PVD coatings ANSYS [17] CFD analysis of Pd-Ag membrane reactor performance during process COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2.1 [29] Coating fracture surface study ABAQUS [77] Fluid dynamics and reaction assessment of diesel oil hydro treating reactors ANSYS-CFX 14.0 [30] Film thickness effect on mechanical properties of PVD coated tools DEFORM and ANSYS [78] Neutral gas flow simulations in an industrial PVD reactor ANSYS FLUENT 14.0 [31] Defects and material deformation study LS-DYNA [79] Prediction of velocity profiles, pressure profiles, density profiles and process gas distribution across the sputtering chamber ANSYS FLUENT [35] Estimate the thermo-mechanical properties of plasma sprayed composite coatings ANSYS-APDL (Parametric Design Language) [83] Modeling on chemical looping combustion (CLC) reactor with a finite volume based CFD method Not defined [94] After analyzing the literature it is observed that FEM is generally used to study, optimize or solve problems associated with mechanical properties, namely, adhesion, wear, stresses in the coating, the influence of the coating thickness, among others. Regarding CFD, there are studies associated with solving problems in aerodynamics, fluid flow, temperature, mass transport, heat transfer, among others.…”

“…By this way, the aerodynamics of vehicles like GM and Ford was deeply improved based on CFD studies. Currently, the simulation to characterize and solve problems using CFD is widely used due to the existence of a greater number of researchers involved in this issue, as well as due to the existence of more powerful computers [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

“…The following sections will mention research works with FEM simulation, namely, the study of mechanical properties, defects and deformation material, wear and tribological performance of tools, contact between the coated PVD tool and the workpiece, PVD coating thermomechanical properties, coating fracture surface and CFD simulation, namely, process gas species into the sputtering chamber, temperature, pressure and velocity distribution optimization, fluid flow dynamics, thermal evaluation in a reactor design, evaluate, predict, improve and/or optimize processes like in biomass combustion [34,[38][39][40][41], in fuel combustion [42], in different conditions and reactors types, such as solar tubular, a continuous Photo Fuel Cell (PFC), tubular Pd-Ag membrane, industrial Claus and industrial PVD reactors, among others [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33]. These challenges motivated researchers to improve performance of coatings, giving rise to several variants of coatings techniques.…”

“…Abdel-Fattah et al [24] developed a CFD model to simulate and study an industrial Claus reactor. In the model, the flow fields and the chemical reactions were predicted for two different industrial cases.…”