Thoracic epidural analgesia via the lumbosacral approach using multiport catheters with a low concentration of bupivacaine and morphine in sheep

DeRossi, Rafael; Pagliosa, Ronaldo C.; Módolo, Tiago C; Maciel, Felipe B.; Macedo, Gustavo Guerino

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.2011.00689.x

Cited by 18 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…In this study, a dose of bupivacaine (0.5 mg/kg) induced an increase in HR and a decrease in DAP and MAP. Similar results were obtained after levobupivacaine was administered epidurally in sheep (DeRossi and others 2012b). Treatments with combinations of bupivacaine (0.25 mg/kg) with opioids (methadone and fentanyl) did not alter HR or arterial blood pressures, probably because of the sedative effect of the opioids.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Fentanyl and methadone used as adjuncts to bupivacaine for lumbosacral epidural analgesia in sheep

et al. 2017

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Six healthy, female, mixed-breed 18-24-month-old sheep weighing 30-48 kg were submitted to lumbosacral epidural bupivacaine in combination with either methadone or fentanyl. Epidural catheters were placed in six sheep that were given three treatments: (Bup) bupivacaine (0.5 mg/kg) alone; (BupMet) bupivacaine (0.25 mg/kg) plus methadone (0.3 mg/kg); and (BupFent) bupivacaine (0.25 mg/kg) plus fentanyl (0.002 mg/kg). Haemodynamic variables, respiratory rate, rectal temperature, analgesia by applying a standard painful stimulus, motor block and sedative scores were compared among the three treatments. These parameters were determined before epidural administration and at 5, 10, 20, 30, 60, 90, 120 minutes after treatment administration, and then every 60 minutes thereafter until the end of analgesic effect. Parametrical data were analysed by proc glimmix (SAS) for repeated measures on time and means tested by ls-means. Non-parametrical data were analysed by Fisher's exact test. Duration of analgesia was longer with BupMet (240 minutes) compared with BupFent (180 minutes; P=0.0127), but BupMet was similar to Bup (240 minutes). Both treatments with opioids produced moderate motor blockade. BupMet and BupFent produced mild sedation. Only treatment with bupivacaine alone induced cardiovascular and respiratory rate changes that stayed within acceptable limits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Fentanyl and methadone used as adjuncts to bupivacaine for lumbosacral epidural analgesia in sheep

et al. 2017

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“…In dogs, negative chronotropism is frequently seen as a result of the increased vagal tone, especially if morphine or methadone is administered [7]. There were few studies using opioids in sheep by the IV route, however, peridural morphine in ewes (0.1 mg/kg) or subcutaneous methadone in goats (0.6 mg/kg) also did not affect HR [17, 18]; nonetheless, this result could be associated with lower plasma concentrations of the drugs following these routes of administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Acepromazine Alone or in Combination with Methadone, Morphine, or Tramadol on Sedation and Selected Cardiopulmonary Variables in Sheep

Nishimura

Villela

Carvalho

et al. 2017

Veterinary Medicine International

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The sedative and selected cardiopulmonary effects of acepromazine alone or in combination with methadone, morphine, or tramadol were compared in sheep. Six ewes were randomly assigned to treatments: A (0.05 mg/kg acepromazine), AM (A plus 0.5 mg/kg methadone), AMO (A plus 0.5 mg/kg morphine), and AT (A plus 5 mg/kg tramadol). Parameters were assessed before sedative drug administration (baseline) and every 15 minutes thereafter, for two hours. Treatments A and AM were associated with increases in sedation score for 60 minutes and treatments AMO and AT for 30 minutes; however, there were no significant differences between treatments. There was a decrease in mean arterial pressure compared to baseline values in treatment A at 15, 45, 60, and 90 minutes, in treatment AM at 15 minutes, and in treatment AT from 45 to 120 minutes. Arterial blood carbon dioxide pressure increased at all time points in all treatments. Arterial oxygen pressure decreased in treatment AMO at 15, 30, and 120 minutes and in treatment AT at 15–45, 105, and 120 minutes, compared to baseline. Acepromazine alone causes a level of sedation similar to that observed when it is coadministered with opioids methadone, morphine, and tramadol. These combinations did not cause clinical cardiopulmonary changes.

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“…Although epidural anaesthesia and analgesia in ruminants is most commonly achieved through a lumbosacral or sacrococcygeal injection, thoracolumbar technique has also been described [11]. Unlike lumbosacral epidural anaesthesia, the blocked area in thoracolumbar anaesthesia can reach from C6 to L4 depending on the volume of anaesthetic used, without motor blockade of the pelvic limbs, thus favouring abdominal surgery such as laparotomy and splenectomy [11, 12]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In sheep, thoracic epidural administration of bupivacaine and morphine in combination demonstrated prolonged analgesia with a lower dose of both drugs when compared to bupivacaine or morphine alone [11]; however the same authors failed to show similar effect when bupivacaine was combined with methadone and administered via the lumbosacral route [15]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone in goats

et al. 2017

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BackgroundEpidural anaesthesia is one of the most commonly used locoregional techniques in ruminants. The lumbosacral epidural technique is reasonably easy to perform and requires low volumes of local anaesthetic drug to allow procedures caudal to the umbilicus. However, surgical procedures in the flank of the animal would require an increased volume of drugs. The anaesthetized area provided by thoracic epidural technique is larger than the lumbosacral technique; however the former is rather challenging to perform. Therefore, access through lumbosacral area to introduce a catheter into the thoracolumbar space is a potential alternative to thoracic access. Epidural anaesthesia is achieved with local anaesthetics; opioids can be added to improve analgesia. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone, administered through an epidural catheter inserted through the lumbosacral access and advanced to the thoracolumbar space, on thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia in goats.MethodsSix animals received two treatments each in a randomized crossover study: BUP treatment consisted of 0.5% bupivacaine (1 mL per each 10 cm of spine column; 1 ± 0.2 mg/kg BW) and BMT treatment was the same; however 1 mL of bupivacaine was replaced by 1 mL (0.22 ± 0.03 mg/kg BW) of methadone (10 mg/mL). The treatments were administered near to T11-T12 through an epidural catheter. Motor blockade and analgesia were evaluated by electrical stimulation.ResultsHeart rate, respiratory rate, ruminal motility and rectal temperature were evaluated before and after the treatment. Motor blockade was observed on both treatments, up to 6 h post-treatment. Analgesia was observed on BUP up to 4 h and on BMT up to 6 h post-treatment. Physiological values did not change at any moment.ConclusionsBupivacaine-methadone combination promoted longer-lasting analgesia in goats compared to bupivacaine alone when administered through an epidural catheter into the thoracolumbar space.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13620-017-0093-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Thoracic epidural analgesia via the lumbosacral approach using multiport catheters with a low concentration of bupivacaine and morphine in sheep

Cited by 18 publications

References 30 publications

Fentanyl and methadone used as adjuncts to bupivacaine for lumbosacral epidural analgesia in sheep

Fentanyl and methadone used as adjuncts to bupivacaine for lumbosacral epidural analgesia in sheep

The Effect of Acepromazine Alone or in Combination with Methadone, Morphine, or Tramadol on Sedation and Selected Cardiopulmonary Variables in Sheep

Thoracolumbar epidural anaesthesia with 0.5% bupivacaine with or without methadone in goats

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