Thomson parabola time-of-flight ion spectrometer

Weber, Rudolf; Balmer, J. E.; Lädrach, P.

doi:10.1063/1.1138637

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Both neutral and charged mesons are formed, which means that time measuring methods are preferred here instead of electric analyzing fields [19,20]. Further, without the time measurements, the very important particle decay time information would be lost.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesons from Laser-Induced Processes in Ultra-Dense Hydrogen H(0)

Holmlid

2017

PLoS ONE

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Large signals of charged light mesons are observed in the laser-induced particle flux from ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) layers. The mesons are formed in such layers on metal surfaces using < 200 mJ laser pulse-energy. The time variation of the signal to metal foil collectors and the magnetic deflection to a movable pin collector are now studied. Relativistic charged particles with velocity up to 500 MeV u-1 thus 0.75 c are observed. Characteristic decay time constants for meson decay are observed, for charged and neutral kaons and also for charged pions. Magnetic deflections agree with charged pions and kaons. Theoretical predictions of the decay chains from kaons to muons in the particle beam agree with the results. Muons are detected separately by standard scintillation detectors in laser-induced processes in ultra-dense hydrogen H(0) as published previously. The muons formed do not decay appreciably within the flight distances used here. Most of the laser-ejected particle flux with MeV energy is not deflected by the magnetic fields and is thus neutral, either being neutral kaons or the ultra-dense HN(0) precursor clusters. Photons give only a minor part of the detected signals. PACS: 67.63.Gh, 14.40.-n, 79.20.Ds, 52.57.-z.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mesons from Laser-Induced Processes in Ultra-Dense Hydrogen H(0)

Holmlid

2017

PLoS ONE

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“…In the literature, scaling laws are found for the hot-electron temperature in keV, determined with a variety of measurement methods, typically in the form of where c T is a constant with the unit keV/(µm 2 W/cm 2 ), λ L is the laser wavelength in micrometers, and the irradiance in the center of the incident Gaussian beam averaged over the pulse duration in W/cm 2 . The exponent s is in the range of 0.3-0.5 and varies for different experimental conditions as found in [11,24,[27][28][29][30], for example. It is seen that the hot-electron temperature only depends on the laser wavelength and the irradiance.…”

Section: Hot Electron Temperaturementioning

confidence: 88%

“…As seen in [11,[13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] the plasma properties k B T h , Z i , and n h are complicated functions of space and time. However, for this work it is assumed that the predominant part of the Bremsstrahlung emission in the part of the spectrum of interest is produced by the hot electrons, during the laser pulse, and at a constant hot-electron temperature in…”

Section: Thermal Bremsstrahlung Emission From Laser-produced Plasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The large scattering of the data points is typical for measurements of the hot-electron temperature as also seen in [11,24,[27][28][29][30], for example, and was not further investigated. The temperatures were determined mainly to prove the validity of the assumptions made for s and c T to experimentally verify the model.…”

Section: Scaling Of the Hot-electron Temperaturementioning

confidence: 99%

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Expected X-ray dose rates resulting from industrial ultrafast laser applications

et al. 2019

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An analytical model is presented, which allows estimating the expected dose rates resulting from X-ray emission from ultrashort-pulse laser-produced plasma under industrial conditions. The model is based on the calculation of the Bremsstrahlung spectrum in the X-ray region between about 5 keV and 50 keV, which is created by the hot electrons in the plasma. The model was calibrated with both spectral and dose rate measurements. The scaling of the hot-electron temperature and the fraction of hot electrons in the plasma served as calibration values. The agreement between experiments and model for the investigated irradiances in range from 10 12 to 10 15 W/cm 2 is excellent. The expected Ḣ (0.07) and Ḣ (10) dose rates at a distance of 20 cm from the process in air were calculated for upcoming lasers with 1 kW of average power. Although the dose rates close to the plasma significantly exceed the allowed dose of 50 mSv per year for an irradiance exceeding about 2·10 15 W/cm 2 , the calculations show that shielding with a 2-mm sheet of iron already at a distance of 20 cm attenuates the radiation to a safe value below 0.4 µSv/h.

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“…The laser is focused by an f/3 off-axis parabola to a 4.5 μm focal spot (FWHM) at normal incidence onto a ultra-thin foil of titanium of different thicknesses (60, 80, 100 and 140 nm). The ions created by the interaction of this laser with the target were collected by iWASP [45] and Thomson Parabolas spectrometers [46,47] ( figure 1(a)). The iWASP is composed of a slit coupled with a magnetic field parallel to it, allowing the magnetic deflection depending on the q/A and energy of the ions at different angles.…”

Section: Laser System and Ion Diagnosticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-driven acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic, near-collimated titanium ions via a transparency-enhanced acceleration scheme

Li¹,

Forestier-Colleoni²,

Bailly-Grandvaux³

et al. 2019

New J. Phys.

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Laser-driven ion acceleration has been an active research area in the past two decades with the prospects of designing novel and compact ion accelerators. Many potential applications in science and industry require high-quality, energetic ion beams with low divergence and narrow energy spread. Intense laser ion acceleration research strives to meet these challenges and may provide high charge state beams, with some successes for carbon and lighter ions. Here we demonstrate the generation of well collimated, quasi-monoenergetic titanium ions with energies ∼145 and 180MeV in experiments using the high-contrast (<10 −9 ) and high-intensity (6 10 W cm 20 2 -) Trident laser and ultra-thin (∼100 nm) titanium foil targets. Numerical simulations show that the foils become transparent to the laser pulses, undergoing relativistically induced transparency (RIT), resulting in a two-stage acceleration process which lasts until ∼2 ps after the onset of RIT. Such long acceleration time in the self-generated electric fields in the expanding plasma enables the formation of the quasimonoenergetic peaks. This work contributes to the better understanding of the acceleration of heavier ions in the RIT regime, towards the development of next generation laser-based ion accelerators for various applications.

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Thomson parabola time-of-flight ion spectrometer

Cited by 15 publications

References 10 publications

Mesons from Laser-Induced Processes in Ultra-Dense Hydrogen H(0)

Mesons from Laser-Induced Processes in Ultra-Dense Hydrogen H(0)

Expected X-ray dose rates resulting from industrial ultrafast laser applications

Laser-driven acceleration of quasi-monoenergetic, near-collimated titanium ions via a transparency-enhanced acceleration scheme

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