"This Is the Manner of the Remission": Implicit Legal Exegesis in 11QMelchizedek as a Response to the Formation of the Torah

Bartoš,; Levinson,

doi:10.2307/23488017

Journal of Biblical Literature

2013

DOI: 10.2307/23488017

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"This Is the Manner of the Remission": Implicit Legal Exegesis in 11QMelchizedek as a Response to the Formation of the Torah

Bartoš Bartoš¹,

Levinson Levinson²

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“… 26 Fitzmyer (1967: 29): ‘The thread which apparently runs through the whole text and ties together its various elements is Lev 25’; cf. Tzoref (2009: 197–98); Bartos and Levinson (2013: 357–59). …”

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Melchizedek, the Son of Man, and Eschatological Jubilee: The Sin-Forgiving Messiahs in 11QMelchizedek and Mark

Williams

2023

Journal for the Study of the New Testament

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This article asks why Jesus in Mk 2.10 interprets the authority (ἐξουσία/שלטן) of the Son of Man in Dan. 7.14 as the authority to forgive sins. I approach this question by looking at 11QMelchizedek (11Q13). Drawing on a constellation of texts pertaining to jubilee (Lev. 25, Isa. 61.1, Dan. 9.24–27), 11QMelchizedek portrays Melchizedek as forgiving Israel’s sins by his jubilean declaration of ‘liberty (דרור‎)’ (II 6). In light of similar intertextual moves being made in Mark, I suggest that Mk 2.10—‘the Son of Man has authority to forgive sins on the land (ἀϕιέναι ἁμαρτίας ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς)’—invokes the language of the jubilee legislation in Lev. 25.10: ‘you will declare forgiveness on the land (διαβοήσετε ἄϕεσιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς).’ I conclude that this interpretation of ‘authority’ in Dan. 7.14 stems from an assumed conflation between the Son of Man of Dan. 7.13–14 with the herald messiah of Isa. 61.1, as well as an interpretation of Isa. 61.1 in which the messiah enacts the eschatological forgiveness of Israel’s sins by his jubilean declaration of liberty.

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“… 31 See the helpful treatment in Bartos and Levinson (2013), who argue that this conflation is motivated by the confusing omission of debt-release commands in Lev. 25; pace van der Woude (1965: 361) and Brooke (1985: 320–23), who think that these texts were connected because יובל‎ (jubilee) שמטה‎ (release) were synonymous. …”

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confidence: 99%

Melchizedek, the Son of Man, and Eschatological Jubilee: The Sin-Forgiving Messiahs in 11QMelchizedek and Mark

Williams

2023

Journal for the Study of the New Testament

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"This Is the Manner of the Remission": Implicit Legal Exegesis in 11QMelchizedek as a Response to the Formation of the Torah

Cited by 1 publication

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Melchizedek, the Son of Man, and Eschatological Jubilee: The Sin-Forgiving Messiahs in 11QMelchizedek and Mark

Melchizedek, the Son of Man, and Eschatological Jubilee: The Sin-Forgiving Messiahs in 11QMelchizedek and Mark

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