Third World Security

Critical security studies, racism and eclecticism

“…“security” of this region but have not clearly defined what constitutes security for this region’ (Makinda, 1982: 93). Similarly, Al-Mashat (1985: 50) defined security in terms of ‘tranquility and well-being’, while Thomas (1987: 1) claimed that Third World security included the ‘internal security of the state through nation-building’ and ‘secure systems of food, health, money and trade’. These perspectives were part of the building blocks for critical security studies (Ayoob, 1997; Booth and Vale, 1997).…”

Regional security institutions and weak states: The case of post-conflict Somalia and the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD)

“…As a result, international institutions have become more active in peace-keeping and conflict resolution. Moreover, since the end of the Cold War, the traditional understanding of security, defined as the defense capabilities and policies of states against external threats, has been expanded to include "human security" (Pettiford 1996;Thomas 2003). Given that a majority of militarized disputes occur in less developed parts of the world, the notion of security has been broadened to include threats such as famine, disease, and environmental contamination, which are found at the internal, regional, transnational, and international levels (Thomas 2003).…”

Terrorism in International Society: An Eclectic Perspective

“…Third World security scholars claimed that security needed to be viewed in relation to efforts to meet the basic needs—food, shelter, clothing, clean water and health. For example, Thomas (1987, p. 1) argued that Third-World security included the ‘internal security of the state through nation-building’ and ‘secure systems of food, health, money and trade’. A little earlier, Makinda (1982, p. 93) had argued that security ought to take account of ‘the concrete local situation and the real needs of the people’ as well as ‘the production and distribution of wealth’.…”