Third Body Concept and Wear Particle Behavior in Dry Friction Sliding Conditions

Denape, Jean

doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.640.1

Cited by 28 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is a direct evidence to the involvement of third-body. In addition, the wedge end of this groove is also a typical feature of the third-body abrasion [32]. Therefore, as the only possible particle as the third-body, the wear debris joined and aggravated the wear condition.…”

Section: Abrasion-induced Groovesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the tribo-chemical smoothening process between self-mated silicon carbide in a water-lubricated surface-contact reciprocating test

et al. 2018

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Silicon carbide (SiC) can be tribo-chemically smoothened during a self-mated sliding procedure in the aqueous environment. As well reported in the point-contact tests, this smoothening process works well due to the abundant water as oxidant. After this smoothening process, the tribo-surface is well polished, a closely mated tribo-gap naturally forms, and an ultra-low friction state is built. However, water in the tribo-gap could be insufficient in industrial applications, e.g., the seal gap in mechanical seals. In this study, the tribo-chemical smoothening behavior in such environment was researched. A surface-contact reciprocating test was used to simulate the aqueous environment where water was insufficient. After tests, compared to the published results from the point-contact tests, the same ultra-low friction state was achieved. A part of the tribo-surface was tribo-chemically smoothened. The obtained smoothened surface microstructure was consistent with the published information. Meanwhile, severe abrasive wear occurred. A porous oxygen-rich layer was found existing beneath the abrasion-induced grooves, in which numerous smashed wear debris adhered on the worn surfaces. We concluded that the shortage of water initiated the severe abrasion, meanwhile the generated wear debris aggravated the wear condition. This understanding is instructive for developing new methods to avoid the severe abrasion in the same water insufficient environment.

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Section: Abrasion-induced Groovesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental study on the tribo-chemical smoothening process between self-mated silicon carbide in a water-lubricated surface-contact reciprocating test

et al. 2018

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“…The "Third-Body" concept emphasizes that particle detachment, particle flow, and particle ejection from the contact area have to be considered in order to describe wear. This concept attempts to solve friction and wear problems by considering tribological analyses of friction as a problem of "Third-Body" rheology and wear as a problem of "Third-Body" flows [2,[11][12][13]. These analyses take into account the tribological triplet composed of the mechanisms that contain the contact, the first two bodies that form it, and the "Third-Body" that separates them.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shear mode M3 in the first sites of ductile metallic alloys: Some considerations on the physical mechanisms leading to internal particle flows

Boher

Vidal

Cabrol

et al. 2019

Wear

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This paper examines plastic mechanisms that lead to damage to the sub-surfaces of ductile metallic contact areas and, by extension, to the creation of wear particles. The word "damage" is used here as a generic term to designate all topological, morphological and/or microstructural modifications to the surfaces that are the consequence of interfacial shear stress under friction. During friction, the accommodation mechanisms of plastic deformation by the M3 mode in the contact area can be different, depending on the microstructures of the alloy and the first sites (bulk materials). For example, for tempered martensitic steels under frictional stresses, plasticity strain occurs in Tribologically Transformed Surfaces (TTS) under dislocation gliding. The creation of new dislocations and the rearrangement of all these dislocations into a "bamboo"-type structure leads to a decrease in hardness, or softening of the steel. Otherwise, depending on the stacking fault energy in alloy microstructures, plasticity may occur through mechanisms involving either perfect dislocation gliding and/or partial dislocation gliding. In addition to hardening, the mobility and morphology of dislocations are also related to stacking fault energy, which can promote phase transformation leading to shear strain in TTS. These shear strain mechanisms have a great influence on the internal flow of wear particles and on the formation of the "Third-body layers". These findings are given in a review of tribological results of measurements carried out on a wrought X38CrMoV5 grade steel and on cobalt-base thick coatings, using tribometers, under various loadings, test temperatures and sliding speeds. The cobalt-base thick coatings are deposited on steel by several processes which modify the nominal chemical composition of the cobalt alloy and make it possible to study the influence of the iron content on shear strain under friction stresses.

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“…Establishing the patterns of interaction of microcontacts in the frictional interface formed by two moving bodies is an important step to wards the creation of new classes of materials with certain physicochemical properties [1,2]. As the interacting surfaces moves one relative anot her, their contacting areas (microcontacts) ine vitably wear out with the formation of debris in the frictional interface [3] as a result of the dest ruction of more elastic material. Numerous ex periments have shown that the friction force is not constant and varies depending on the previous interaction of microcontacts (contact aging) [4][5][6].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to identify the appearance of defects at the atomic level and to establish non-de structive modes of friction studies under certain loads researchers have used the methods of scanning, frictional, and atomic force microscopy [12][13][14]. However, these methods have not enabled to fully describe the tribological properties of lubricating films on atomically flat surfaces [3,7]. That is why these studies require the creation of special experimental conditions and instruments for measuring friction [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying the Tribological Properties of n-alkanes Monolayer Films on Atomic Flat Surface of Gold

Vasko¹,

Marchenko²,

Наумовец³

et al. 2019

Sci. innov.

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Introduction. The establishment of regularities of the microcontact interaction in the friction interface formed by two moving bodies is an important step towards the creation of new classes of materials with predefined physicochemical properties. The relative motion of interacting surfaces inevitably results in wearing contact areas (microcontacts) of these surfaces, i.e. leads to the formation of fragments caused by destruction of more elastic material. Problem Statement. The destruction of the interface decreases significantly by applying lubricant films to the contact area. In the case of dry friction (no lubricant), the description of the contact area is a practically solved problem (the Hertz and the Johnson-Kendal-Roberts contact theories), while the presence of lubricant complicates significantly this problem, because one shall consider the rheological component of friction and the interaction of interfaces. In addition, the overwhelming majority of tribological studies were carried out using imperfect (rough) surfaces and lubricant films with uncertain component composition, thickness, and structure. Purpose. To establish the influence of the structure of self-assembling n-alkanes monolayers on their tribological properties in the frictional interface. Materials and Methods. The atomically flat surface of gold and one-component monolayer films of n-alkanes (C n H 2n+2 , n = 14, 16, 48, 50, 60). are used as materials. The scanning tunneling microscopy method is used to establish the structure of self-assembled monolayers on the gold surface as well as to control their destruction before and after the tribological measurements. The kinetic coefficient of friction μ ko of interfaces have been studied using a magnetic levitation tribometer. Results. The nonmonotonic dependence of kinetic friction coefficient μ ko on the length of n-alkane molecule has been experimentally established. Conclusions. The kinetic friction coefficient μ ko has been established to abnormally decrease for the n-alkanes with "magic length" (n times 16). K e y w o r d s : coefficient of friction, atomically flat surfaces, monolayer films of n-alkanes, and friction force.

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Third Body Concept and Wear Particle Behavior in Dry Friction Sliding Conditions

Cited by 28 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental study on the tribo-chemical smoothening process between self-mated silicon carbide in a water-lubricated surface-contact reciprocating test

Experimental study on the tribo-chemical smoothening process between self-mated silicon carbide in a water-lubricated surface-contact reciprocating test

Shear mode M3 in the first sites of ductile metallic alloys: Some considerations on the physical mechanisms leading to internal particle flows

Studying the Tribological Properties of n-alkanes Monolayer Films on Atomic Flat Surface of Gold

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