Thiol-Responsive Gold Nanodot Swarm with Glycol Chitosan for Photothermal Cancer Therapy

Abstract

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is one of the most promising cancer treatment methods because hyperthermal effects and immunogenic cell death via PTT are destructive to cancer. However, PTT requires photoabsorbers that absorb near-infrared (NIR) light with deeper penetration depth in the body and effectively convert light into heat. Gold nanoparticles have various unique properties which are suitable for photoabsorbers, e.g., controllable optical properties and easy surface modification. We developed gold nanodot swarms (AuNSw) by creating small gold nanoparticles (sGNPs) in the presence of hydrophobically-modified glycol chitosan. The sGNPs assembled with each other through their interaction with amine groups of glycol chitosan. AuNSw absorbed 808-nm laser and increased temperature to 55 °C. In contrast, AuNSw lost its particle structure upon exposure to thiolated molecules and did not convert NIR light into heat. In vitro studies demonstrated the photothermal effect and immunogenic cell death after PTT with AuNSW. After intratumoral injection of AuNSw with laser irradiation, tumor growth of xenograft mouse models was depressed. We found hyperthermal damage and immunogenic cell death in tumor tissues through histological and biochemical analyses. Thiol-responsive AuNSw showed feasibility for PTT, with advanced functionality in the tumor microenvironment.

AuNP/Chitosan Nanocomposites Synthesized through Plasma Induced Liquid Chemistry and Their Applications in Photothermal Induced Bacteria Eradication

“…The sample of 2.0 mM AuNP/m-CS (laser power density = 0.8 W cm −2 ) exceeded 45 °C in 30 s, reaching the therapeutic window for photothermal bacteria killing [ 63 ] and cancer hyperthermia [ 11 ]. In the literature, Jo et al created an AuNSw core-shell cancer therapy system consisting of a glycol CS core and small AuNP shell [ 64 ]. However, the photothermal conversion efficiency of such system is relatively low—it took 7 min for their samples to reach 55.5 °C under 1W/cm 2 NIR laser irradiation.…”

Association between urinary metals and prostate-specific antigen in aging population with depression: a cross-sectional study

“…Cadmium is not an essential metal element for the human body. After entering the body, cadmium has strong toxicity, accumulates continuously in the body, and causes damage to multiple organs ( 36 – 40 ). The slow metabolism and long half-life of cadmium in the body are the main reasons for chronic poisoning, leading to symptoms such as renal dysfunction, renal failure, liver and kidney damage, osteoporosis, and osteomalacia, as well as mental illnesses ( 41 – 44 ).…”

An Electrochemiluminescence Biosensor for the Detection of Alzheimer’s Tau Protein Based on Gold Nanostar Decorated Carbon Nitride Nanosheets

“…Colloidal gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are extensively utilized as the sensitivity enhancement components of biosensors due to their unique photochemical properties [13]. Recently, anisotropic AuNPs such as nanocubes, nanowires, and nanostars have received significant attention since they have unique and often better optical and electronic properties than spherical NPs [14][15][16]. Gold nanostars (AuNSs) have a circular structure with sharp protruding branches [17][18][19][20].…”