Thin-Walled Higgs Assisted Q-balls from Pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone Bosons

Bishara, Fady; Lennon, Olivier

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2110.02236

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“…While these solutions are intrinsically interesting examples of non-topological solitons, they may also be directly related to some of the big questions of what lies beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. They have been shown to arise in several motivated extensions of the standard model, such as supersymmetry [3,4], extra dimensions [5,6], and hidden sectors with QCD-like confinement [7,8]. They can produce intriguing macroscopic dark matter candidates [9][10][11][12][13][14], may be related to the observed a e-mail: yalmumin@uci.edu b e-mail: heeck@virginia.edu c e-mail: arajaram@uci.edu d e-mail: verhaaren@physics.byu.edu (corresponding author) asymmetry between matter and antimatter [4,15], and can give rise to observable gravitational waves [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excited Q-balls

et al. 2022

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Complex scalars in U(1)-symmetric potentials can form stable Q-balls, non-topological solitons that correspond to spherical bound-state solutions. If the U(1) charge of the Q-ball is large enough, it can support a tower of unstable radial excitations with increasing energy. Previous analyses of these radial excitations were confined to fixed parameters, leading to excited states with different charges Q. In this work, we provide the first characterization of the radial excitations of solitons for fixed charge, providing the physical spectrum for such objects. We also show how to approximately describe these excited states analytically and predict their global properties such as radius, energy, and charge. This enables a complete characterization of the radial spectrum. We also comment on the decay channels of these excited states.

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