Thin-Films for Saw Devices

Hickernell, F.S.

doi:10.1016/s0129-1564(00)00060-x

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The ZnO is a nontoxic and very stable material having enormous application in paints, rubber, cosmetics, solar window, and thin film transistors. In the last few years ZnO has proved as a promising material for spintronics devices [29][30][31][32]. In the proposed process four ZnO have been utilized for the removal of arsenic from contaminated water and it has been found that ZnO-1 and ZnO-4 prepared by zinc acetate precursor removes arsenic effectively, while ZnO-2 and ZnO-3 prepared without zinc acetate precursor could not remove arsenic effectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

Singh

Gupta

et al. 2012

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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This research article deals with the uptake of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide (ZnO) nanomaterials. The ZnO nanomaterials of various sizes (6–60 nm) have been synthesized following different wet chemical routes. The arsenic removal efficacy of acetate functionalized ZnO nanomaterials was carried out at different pH and time interval. It has been concluded from the study that ZnO nanomaterials (<60 nm) prepared by zinc acetate precursor effectively removes arsenic, while ZnO of same size prepared from zinc chloride, zinc nitrate, zinc sulphate precursor could not remove arsenic considerably. However, ZnO of same size synthesized using other than zinc acetate precursor and functionalized with acetate ions removes arsenic effectively. It is also proposed that acetate ions over the surface of ZnO adsorb arsenic by an oxo‐coordination mechanism and purifies water up to permissible limits of arsenic at pH 5.8–6.8. © 2012 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 32: 1023–1029, 2013

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

Singh

Gupta

et al. 2012

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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“…Another important factor in realizing the thin films approach is a possibility of enhancing almost all properties of SAW or BAW devices by designing appropriate film/substrate materials or even multilayered thin film structures. Subsequently, all essential properties can be tailored in wide ranges by using different combinations of materials, crystallographic orientations (cuts), and microstructures …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Potassium Niobiate (KNbO₃) Thin Films by Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Epitaxy

Suchanek

2004

Chem. Mater.

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Orthorhombic KNbO 3 thin films were deposited on SrTiO 3 (100) and LiTaO 3 (001) substrates by low-temperature hydrothermal epitaxy at 180-210°C using aqueous solutions containing Nb 2 O 5 and KOH. The films were thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering, and scanning electron microscopy. The KNbO 3 films were uniformly distributed on the entire substrate area, exhibited high stoichiometry, and did not show evidence of interdiffusion or chemical reaction at the film/substrate interface. Their microstructures were determined by the substrate used, the synthesis temperature, and the concentration of the reactants. The KNbO 3 films on SrTiO 3 (100) substrates with thickness of 45 nm to 1.28 µm were smooth and transparent, with microstructures strongly suggesting single crystal growth mechanism. They were pure orthorhombic phase with (011) orientation and probably single-domain. Conversely, the KNbO 3 films with higher thickness (>3.5 µm) exhibited very rough microstructure with textured columnar grains. Such films were also orthorombic but with mixed (100)/(011) orientation. This work demonstrated for the first time deposition of heteroepitaxial KNbO 3 films on single-crystal substrates using low-temperature hydrothermal epitaxy in a well-defined range of synthesis conditions. The low synthesis temperatures, which are below the 225°C phase transition temperature of KNbO 3 , resulted in formation of films that appear to exhibit improved features as compared to the films prepared by high-temperature processing. IntroductionPotassium niobiate (KNbO 3 ) is a very promising material for surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices and high-performance bulk-wave transducers. 1 The elctromechanical coupling coefficient (k 2 ) of the surface wave in a single-crystal KNbO 3 can be as high as 53%, which is one order of magnitude larger than that of LiNbO 3 . 2 The bandwidth is about 20% and insertion losses are 2-6 dB. 2 The acoustic wave velocities in KNbO 3 are 3500-7500 m/s 3 and the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) ranges between 0 and 170 ppm/K depending upon crystallographic orientation. 2 The KNbO 3 exhibits large piezoelectric nonlinearity. The 45°r otated Y-cut X-propagated KNbO 3 has 25 dB larger efficiency than Y-Z LiNbO 3 ; thus the KNbO 3 single crystal is considered as a promising material for SAW elastic convolvers with super high efficiency and process gain. 4 In addition to excellent piezoelectric properties, the KNbO 3 has a large electrooptic coefficient, high nonlinear optical coefficient, and excellent photorefractive characteristics 5 that make it a very promising candidate for optical applications such as optical waveguides, frequency doublers, 6 intensity modulators, 7

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The characterization of SAW coupling factor from paired IDT insertion loss measurements

Hickernell

2002 IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium, 2002. Proceedings.

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Thin-Films for Saw Devices

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

Synthesis of Potassium Niobiate (KNbO₃) Thin Films by Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Epitaxy

The characterization of SAW coupling factor from paired IDT insertion loss measurements

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Thin-Films for Saw Devices

Cited by 4 publications

References 41 publications

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

A process for the selective removal of arsenic from contaminated water using acetate functionalized zinc oxide nanomaterials

Synthesis of Potassium Niobiate (KNbO3) Thin Films by Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Epitaxy

The characterization of SAW coupling factor from paired IDT insertion loss measurements

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Synthesis of Potassium Niobiate (KNbO₃) Thin Films by Low-Temperature Hydrothermal Epitaxy