Thermophilic bacteria isolated from Mount Merapi, Java, Indonesia as a potential lead bioremediation agent

Abstract

Abstract. Rakhmawati A, Wahyuni ET, Yuwono T. 2021. Thermophilic bacteria isolated from Mount Merapi, Java, Indonesia as a potential lead bioremediation agent. Biodiversitas 22: 3101-3110. Contamination by lead (Pb) has become a serious health and environmental problem, that has to be urgently prevented. Bioremediation is one of the environmentally friendly methods for eliminating Pb from the contaminated environment. This study was aimed to investigate the potency of lead-tolerant thermophilic bacteria isolated from solfatara Mount Merapi, Indonesia. A total of 340 isolates of thermophilic bacteria were screened for lead tolerance at 55 °C. Five bacterial isolates were found to show tolerance to 100 mg/L Pb (II), and then were further evaluated and identified as Aeribacillus pallidus strains MRP112, MRP148, MRP272, MRP278, and MRP280 based on 16S rRNA gene sequences analysis. Among the five isolates, A. pallidus MRP 280 showed highest activity in removing Pb at pH 6, 55°C for 24 h. The analysis of scanning and transmission electron microscopy, biofilm formation, and siderophore production, demonstrated that lead tolerance of A. pallidus MRP 280 strain was also accompanied by morphological changes, bioaccumulation, biosorption, biofilm, and siderophore assembly. In conclusion A. pallidus MRP 280 was demonstrated as one of the most potential bacterial strains, can be recommended as an agent for high-temperature lead bioremediation.

Indigenous filamentous fungi isolated from zirconia processing wastewater as a potential biosorbent for aqueous thorium(IV) ions

“…Thorium localized in the fungal biomass was determined using the method described by Rakhmawati et al (2021) with modifications. In this study, biomass loaded with 100 ppm thorium was used and mixed with three different eluting agents, which were deionized water, NH4NO3 (1 M), or EDTA (0.1 M).…”

“…Bioremediation is an alternative technology for an environment-friendly treatment of wastewater by utilizing biological materials as biosorbents capable of binding radionuclides/heavy metals with high affinity. Moreover, their availability is abundant around us, such as fungi, bacteria, yeast, algae, and biopolymers like alginate and chitosan, which are by-products of the fishing industry (Gok et al 2011;Huang et al 2018;Chen et al 2020;Hamza et al 2021;Rakhmawati et al 2021;Yoon et al 2021).…”

“…Currently, the utilization of microorganism-based biosorbents has been extensively developed, and one type of microorganism used is fungi, especially filamentous fungi. Filamentous fungi are multicellular microorganisms with cell walls composed of polysaccharides (chitin and glucan) and glycoproteins that form the basic structure called hyphae (Reyes et al 2017). According to the research by Mumtaz et al (2013), fungi isolated from the Ranger Uranium Mine in Australia exhibited high tolerance to uranium.…”

Identification of Amylase-Producing Thermophilic Bacteria through 16sRNA Gene Analysis: MGH3 Strain

“…Bacteria can live in extreme environmental conditions, such as environments, acids, bases, and low and high temperatures. Bacteria that can live at high temperatures are known as thermophilic bacteria (Rakhmawati et al, 2021). Thermophilic bacteria can live at temperatures above 45ºC (Lischer et al, 2020).…”

Isolation and characterization of extremophile bacteria for hydrolytic enzyme production from Waepella Hot Spring, Sinjai, Indonesia

“…Therefore, there is a potential application in the petroleum industry, such as bioremediation in extreme environments and microbialenhanced oil recovery (MEOR) in reservoirs (Schultz et al 2022). Thermophilic bacteria also have interesting applications for the bioremediation of heavy metals (Rakhmawati et al 2021) and the removal of dyes from textile industry wastewater (Nzila 2018;Baker et al 2021;Aragaw et al 2022). Most importantly, thermophilic bacteria have the ability to produce hydrolytic enzymes, including amylase, protease, lipases, cellulase, laccases, and xylanases (Damiano et al 2003;Alrumman et al 2018;Atalah et al 2019;Geraldi et al 2019;Sahoo et al 2020;Khadka et al 2022).…”