Thermoelectric Materials: Current Status and Future Challenges

Finn, Peter A.; Asker, Ceyla; Wan, Kening; Bilotti, Emiliano; Fenwick, Oliver; Nielsen, Christian B.

doi:10.3389/femat.2021.677845

Cited by 59 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 139 publications

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“…(5) Before running the experiment, the temperature of the steel should be stabilized. This usually occurs at 4200 ADU, corresponding to 67.7 • C by the calibration, a value that served as a reference for all tests; (6) The reading of the pressure data at the entrance and exit of the microchannel system and the temperature at the entrance of the system began using the code prepared in the LABVIEW software; (7) The recording of a thermographic video of the cooling process started using the thermographic camera, in xvi format; (8) The syringe pump that injected the pre-established flow rate for each test was turned on;…”

Section: Experimental Procedures and Working Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thermoelectric generators (TEGs) are also clean, robust, modular, and a low-maintenance to maintenance-free solution if carefully designed, allowing for considerable heat recovery from internal combustion engines, namely from exhaust gases [5,6]. Currently, commercial TEGs present some limitations such as low efficiency (around 5% for the automotive temperature range [6]) and high cost per unit power, as well as output sensitivity to the temperature level [7,8]. Cost and efficiency issues are steadily being overcome with novel materials based on abundant raw resources and nanostructured materials exploring promising technologies such as quantum confinement [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Currently, commercial TEGs present some limitations such as low efficiency (around 5% for the automotive temperature range [6]) and high cost per unit power, as well as output sensitivity to the temperature level [7,8]. Cost and efficiency issues are steadily being overcome with novel materials based on abundant raw resources and nanostructured materials exploring promising technologies such as quantum confinement [8]. The output of a TEG depends on the Seebeck effect, where the voltage is proportional to the temperature difference across the device, that is, the temperature difference between the hot face (the face attached to the heat source) and the cold face (the face attached to the heat sink).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sensitivity of the TEG output to the temperature level is thus related to this quadratic dependence of power from the temperature differential because it is a challenge to maximize this differential under the highly variable thermal load conditions found in real driving. On the one hand, temperatures as close as possible to their limit must be achieved at the hot face to ensure the highest efficiency [5,7,8]. Working in such conditions under the highly variable thermal loads of real driving requires some kind of thermal level control over the heat supplied to TEGs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Complex Fluid Flow in Microchannels and Heat Pipes with Enhanced Surfaces for Advanced Heat Conversion and Recovery Systems

et al. 2022

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This paper addresses a multiscale approach for heat recovery systems, used in two distinct applications. In both applications, a microscale approach is used (microchannel heat sinks and heat pipes) for macroscale applications (cooling of a photovoltaic—PV cell), and the thermal energy of exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine is used for thermoelectric generators with variable conductance heat pipes. Several experimental techniques are combined such as visualization, thermography with high spatial and temporal resolution, and the characterization of the flow hydrodynamics, such as the friction losses. The analysis performed evidences the relevance of looking at the physics of the observed phenomena to optimize the heat sink geometry. For instance, the results based on the dissipated heat flux and the convective heat transfer coefficients obtained in the tests of the microchannel-based heat sinks for cooling applications in PV cells show an improvement in the dissipated power at the expense of controlled pumping power, for the best performing geometries. Simple geometries based on these results were then used as inputs in a genetic algorithm to produce the optimized geometries. In both applications, the analysis performed evidences the potential of using two-phase flows. However, instabilities at the microscale must be accurately addressed to take advantage of liquid phase change. In this context, the use of enhanced interfaces may significantly contribute to the resolution of the instability issues as they are able to control bubble dynamics. Such an approach is also addressed here.

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Section: Experimental Procedures and Working Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Complex Fluid Flow in Microchannels and Heat Pipes with Enhanced Surfaces for Advanced Heat Conversion and Recovery Systems

et al. 2022

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“…As illustrated in Figure 12, we further summarize the future outlooks in the field of conducting polymerbased TE materials and devices [219][220][221][222][223] .…”

Section: Conclusion Challenges and Outlookmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in conducting polymer-based thermoelectric materials and devices

Cao¹,

Shi²,

Zou³

et al. 2021

Microstructures

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Conducting polymer-based thermoelectric materials are considered the most promising candidates for applying to wearable thermoelectric devices because of their high electrical conductivities, flexibility, stability, and low-toxicity features. Therefore, a timely review is needed to comprehensively overview their most recent progress in the last few years, considering the rapid development of thermoelectric conducting polymers. In this work, we carefully summarize recent advances in thermoelectric conducting polymers from aspects of their mechanisms, synthesis, micro/nanostructures, mechanical/thermoelectric properties, and related functional devices. A few state-of-theart thermoelectric conducting polymers, including poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)poly(styrenesulfonate), poly(3-hexylthiophene), polyaniline, and polypyrrole, are highlighted in detail. In the end, we point out the challenges, controversies, and outlooks of conducting polymers for future thermoelectric applications.

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Line Edge Roughness Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of Armchair Black Phosphorene Nanoribbons

Pishevar,

Karamitaheri

2024

Advcd Theory and Sims

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This study delves into the thermoelectric properties of armchair black phosphorene nanoribbons while considering the presence of line edge roughness. Employing the tight‐binding method in conjunction with non‐equilibrium Green's function techniques and Landauer formulas, the impact of various parameters on thermoelectric performance is explored. These findings reveal that the electrical conductivity and, consequently, the power factor exhibits an increasing trend with expanding ribbon length and width. This behavior can be attributed to heightened collision rates, particularly in narrow ribbons, induced by line edge roughness as length increases. Remarkably, the Seebeck coefficient at the Fermi energy corresponding to the maximum power factor remains nearly constant across different widths, lengths, temperatures, and transport regimes. Furthermore, the thermoelectric figure of merit (ZT) demonstrates a positive correlation with both ribbon length and width. In narrow widths and lengths ≈1000 nm, the power factor and figure of merit exhibit an upward trend with ribbon width. However, with further increases in ribbon width, the influence of line edge roughness on thermal conductivity diminishes. Consequently, the figure of merit decreases due to the rise in thermal conductivity. Notably, the thermoelectric figure of merit is higher for short and narrow ribbons and long and wider ribbons.

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Thermoelectric Materials: Current Status and Future Challenges

Cited by 59 publications

References 139 publications

Complex Fluid Flow in Microchannels and Heat Pipes with Enhanced Surfaces for Advanced Heat Conversion and Recovery Systems

Complex Fluid Flow in Microchannels and Heat Pipes with Enhanced Surfaces for Advanced Heat Conversion and Recovery Systems

Advances in conducting polymer-based thermoelectric materials and devices

Line Edge Roughness Effects on the Thermoelectric Properties of Armchair Black Phosphorene Nanoribbons

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