Thermoelectric Generators: Alternative Power Supply for Wearable Electrocardiographic Systems

Dargusch, Matthew S.; Liu, Wei‐Di; Chen, Zhigang

doi:10.1002/advs.202001362

Cited by 160 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…It is hard to combine all these features in a single material [ 12 ]. Specifically, σ and S can hardly increase simultaneously as these two parameters are coupled via carrier concentration [ 13 , 14 ]. Besides, the reduction of κ often degrades the carrier mobility and thus σ [ 15 – 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale architectures boosting thermoelectric performance of copper sulfide compound

et al. 2021

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Owing to their high performance and earth abundance, copper sulfides (Cu 2− x S) have attracted wide attention as a promising medium-temperature thermoelectric material. Nanostructure and grain-boundary engineering are explored to tune the electrical transport and phonon scattering of Cu 2− x S based on the liquid-like copper ion. Here multiscale architecture-engineered Cu 2− x S are fabricated by a room-temperature wet chemical synthesis combining mechanical mixing and spark plasma sintering. The observed electrical conductivity in the multiscale architecture-engineered Cu 2− x S is four times as much as that of the Cu 2− x S sample at 800 K, which is attributed to the potential energy filtering effect at the new grain boundaries. Moreover, the multiscale architecture in the sintered Cu 2− x S increases phonon scattering and results in a reduced lattice thermal conductivity of 0.2 W·m −1 ·K −1 and figure of merit ( zT ) of 1.0 at 800 K. Such a zT value is one of the record values in copper sulfide produced by chemical synthesis. These results suggest that the introduction of nanostructure and formation of new interface are effective strategies for the enhancement of thermoelectric material properties. Supplementary Information The online version of this article (10.1007/s12598-020-01698-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiscale architectures boosting thermoelectric performance of copper sulfide compound

et al. 2021

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“…Since many low-quality heat sources display irregular shapes and surfaces, it is vital for TEGs to be flexible for tight contact with the heat sources and thus maximizing heat collection. Such flexible TEGs have also gained increasing interest for advancing the development of many self-powered devices [e.g., smartwatches and smart and flexible wearable electrocardiograms (Dargusch et al, 2020 )].…”

Section: Applications In Thermoelectric Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer–Inorganic Thermoelectric Nanomaterials: Electrical Properties, Interfacial Chemistry Engineering, and Devices

et al. 2021

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Though solar cells are one of the promising technologies to address the energy crisis, this technology is still far from commercialization. Thermoelectric materials offer a novel opportunity to convert energy between thermal and electrical aspects, which show the feasibility to improve the performance of solar cells via heat management and light harvesting. Polymer–inorganic thermoelectric nanocomposites consisting of inorganic nanomaterials and functional organic polymers represent one kind of advanced hybrid nanomaterials with tunable optical and electrical characteristics and fascinating interfacial and surface chemistry. During the past decades, they have attracted extensive research interest due to their diverse composition, easy synthesis, and large surface area. Such advanced nanomaterials not only inherit low thermal conductivity from polymers and high Seebeck coefficient, and high electrical conductivity from inorganic materials, but also benefit from the additional interface between each component. In this review, we provide an overview of interfacial chemistry engineering and electrical feature of various polymer–inorganic thermoelectric hybrid nanomaterials, including synthetic methods, properties, and applications in thermoelectric devices. In addition, the prospect and challenges of polymer–inorganic nanocomposites are discussed in the field of thermoelectric energy.

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“…[33,34] Our human body can continually provide thermal energy up to 20 mW cm −2 and there is always a temperature difference between the skin and the outside environment. [1,33,34] To harvest this energy, thermoelectric generators (TEG) were first studied. Owing to the recent development of organic thermoelectric (TE) materials, flexible and even stretchable TEGs prototypes were gradually reported, where the Seebeck coefficient (S e = △V/△T) was greatly limited to tens of µV K −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1] Alternatively, human body heat is considered a promising source of constant energy, which could fill the gap of solar and mechanical energy harvesting. [33,34] Our human body can continually provide thermal energy up to 20 mW cm −2 and there is always a temperature difference between the skin and the outside environment. [1,33,34] To harvest this energy, thermoelectric generators (TEG) were first studied.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentially Wearable Thermo‐Electrochemical Cells for Body Heat Harvesting: From Mechanism, Materials, Strategies to Applications

et al. 2021

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Wearable electronics are becoming one of the key technologies in health care applications including health monitoring, data acquisitions, and real-time diagnosis. The commercialization of next-generation devices has been stymied by the lack of ultrathin, flexible, and reliable power sources. Wearable thermo-electrochemical cells (TECs), which can convert body heat to electricity via an electrochemical process, are showing great promise as power sources for such wearable systems. TECs harvest orders of magnitude more voltage per temperature difference (Seebeck coefficient (1-34 mV K −1 )) when compared to the more common thermoelectric generators (Seebeck coefficient ≈tens or hundreds of µV K −1 ). However, there still remain great challenges for TECs progressing towards wearable applications. This review summarizes the recent development of potentially wearable TECs with promise for body-heat harvesting, with a specific focus on flexible electrode materials, solid-state electrolytes, device fabrication, and strategies toward applications. It also clarifies the challenges and gives some future direction to enhance future investigations on high-performance wearable TECs for practical and self-powered wearable devices.

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Thermoelectric Generators: Alternative Power Supply for Wearable Electrocardiographic Systems

Cited by 160 publications

References 103 publications

Multiscale architectures boosting thermoelectric performance of copper sulfide compound

Multiscale architectures boosting thermoelectric performance of copper sulfide compound

Polymer–Inorganic Thermoelectric Nanomaterials: Electrical Properties, Interfacial Chemistry Engineering, and Devices

Potentially Wearable Thermo‐Electrochemical Cells for Body Heat Harvesting: From Mechanism, Materials, Strategies to Applications

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