Thermodynamics Properties of Molten Salt Technology Assessment for New Generation Fusion Reactors

Hançerlioğulları, Aybaba

doi:10.1007/s10894-014-9694-5

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The choice of coolant is determined by the physical constraints of a system in this case being high temperatures and low to moderate volume. Molten halide salts are an ideal candidate due to their thermodynamic properties, their high heat capacity at constant pressure and volume allow for large amounts of thermal energy to be transported from the reactor to a generator as shown in Figure 1 [18].…”

Section: Energy Utilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of molten salts for their application to Molten Salt Reactors

Barnes¹,

Coutts²,

Horne³

et al. 2019

PAMR

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Molten Salt Reactors (MSRs) are one of the six Gen (IV) reactor designs chosen by the Generation IV International Forum for further development. A key area of concern for MSRs is the selection of molten salt composition. Parameters such as heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and viscosity are essential to consider when selecting a salt mixture for use as a coolant in an MSR. In this meta-study, the thermodynamic properties of a range of halide, carbonate and nitrate salts are compared. Using this data, an estimate is made for the usable energy density of each salt. This value in combination with the raw data is used to assess the viability of each salt for use in an MSR. It was found that fluoride salts are the most suitable. They tend to have high heat capacities and large thermal conductivities in relation to the other salts in this study. The 50-50 concentration of LiF-BeF2 had by far the highest usable energy density at 2.21 J/cm3K, however its extremely high viscosity, of 22.2 mPa.s, makes it unsuitable for use as a circulating coolant. LiF-NaF-BeF2 had the next highest usable energy density at 1.82 Jcm-3K-1. Without considering factors beyond thermodynamic properties, it was concluded that LiF-NaF-BeF2, would be the most suitable of the studied salts for use as an MSR coolant. Much of the experimental data in this field was obtained over 40 years ago, it is often of poor quality, lacking standardisation and with large error margins. An attempt has been made in this paper to compile this data and to standardise it to such a degree that salts can be reasonable compared. Keywords: Molten Salt Reactor; FLiBe; FLiNaK; Heat Capacity; Carnot Efficiency

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Section: Energy Utilisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterisation of molten salts for their application to Molten Salt Reactors

Barnes¹,

Coutts²,

Horne³

et al. 2019

PAMR

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“…In view of neutron economy, due to element of 7 Li (σthermal =0.045 barn), Be (σthermal =0.0088 barn) and F (σthermal =0.0098 barn) having low neutron absorption cross section, 7 Li, Be and F are main elements of a primary cooling salt [6,7]. And then, 7 LiF-BeF 2 mixture is of significance because of its potential applications as a solvent for primary circuit loop in molten-salt reactor [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on the mechanism of deoxidization and purification for Li2BeF4 molten salt via graphite nanoparticles

Mengya

Ding

et al. 2017

Journal of Nuclear Materials

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Graphite nanoparticles originated from high purity graphite crucible were used for deoxidization and purification of Li 2 BeF 4 molten salt containing a bit of (NH 4 ) 2 BeF 4 under high temperature vacuum condition. And the mechanism of deoxidization and purification via graphite nanoparticles was put forward based on analysis of sample characterization and chemical reaction Gibbs free energy calculation. The morphology, particle size, chemical composition and crystal structure of graphite nanoparticles in Li 2 BeF 4 molten salt were characterized by High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM, SAED and EDS). Phase analysis, total oxygen content, full elemental and anion concentration for as-prepared Li 2 BeF 4 products were studied by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), LECO nitrogen-oxygen analyzer, Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Ion Chromatography (IC), respectively. The results of sample characterization showed that graphite nanoparticles in Li 2 BeF 4 molten salt were the poly-crystal round sheet shape with an average diameter of < 100nm. The concentration of total oxygen, sulfur and nickel in as-prepared Li 2 BeF 4 molten salt after treatment were 548 ppm, <0.6 ppm and < 0.4ppm, respectively. Experiment and calculation all showed that SO 4 2and NO 3 could react with carbon at 700℃. And vacuum degassing play an excellent role in deoxidization and purification for Li 2 BeF 4 molten salt via graphite nanoparticles.

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Magnetohydrodynamic Calculations of Toroidal Fusion Reactor to Ensure Stable Control

Hançerlioğulları¹,

Kurnaz²,

Madee³

2016

OJAppS

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The development of magnetic configurations to confine the stability fluid plasmas for fusion energy is a challenge that is a mixture of basic fusion engineering and invention. In order to keep the fusion reactions in the plasma to be continuing in the fusion reactors, the speed of tritium breeding (TBR) should be kept above a certain value. At the Apex fusion reactor, a fast flowing thin liquid wall has replaced the solid first wall concept of the traditional reactors. Behind the fast flowing thin liquid wall, a slower and thicker second liquid wall (coat) is present. Monte Carlo Random method (MCRS) is the general name for the solution of experimental and statistical problems with a random approach. This method is dependent upon the theory of probability. In the present work, Mhd impacts are investigated quite unimportant for Flibe salt solutions. In this study, the fissile fuel production calculations are done for a neutron wall load of 10 MW/m 2 fissile fuel production rates of 238 U(n, ɣ) 239 Pu and 232 Th(n, ɣ) 233 U increases almost linearly with increased heavy metal content.

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Thermodynamics Properties of Molten Salt Technology Assessment for New Generation Fusion Reactors

Cited by 3 publications

References 13 publications

Characterisation of molten salts for their application to Molten Salt Reactors

Characterisation of molten salts for their application to Molten Salt Reactors

Study on the mechanism of deoxidization and purification for Li2BeF4 molten salt via graphite nanoparticles

Magnetohydrodynamic Calculations of Toroidal Fusion Reactor to Ensure Stable Control

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