Thermodynamics and kinetics control of support layer synthesis for enhanced thin film composite membrane performance

Beh, J.J.; Ng, E. P.; Sum, Jing Yao; Ooi, B. S.

doi:10.1002/app.45802

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…However, above all, phase inversion via non-solvent-induced phase separation is the most widely used technique for casting polymeric membranes. Subsequently, membrane pores are formed from the liquid phase, which is poor in polymer and surrounded by the solid phase rich in polymer, where the porous structure straightforwardly corresponds to the flux rate [45,95]. To attain a good FO performance, the perfect choice of solvent mixture, polymer concentration, as well as some parameters (temperature, air humidity, additives, and coagulation bath) are important factors for the formation of desired substrate.…”

Section: Forward Osmosis Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies in Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrate Fabrication and Modification: A Review

et al. 2020

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Forward osmosis (FO) has been recognized as the preferred alternative membrane-based separation technology for conventional water treatment technologies due to its high energy efficiency and promising separation performances. FO has been widely explored in the fields of wastewater treatment, desalination, food industry and bio-products, and energy generation. The substrate of the typically used FO thin film composite membranes serves as a support for selective layer formation and can significantly affect the structural and physicochemical properties of the resultant selective layer. This signifies the importance of substrate exploration to fine-tune proper fabrication and modification in obtaining optimized substrate structure with regards to thickness, tortuosity, and porosity on the two sides. The ultimate goal of substrate modification is to obtain a thin and highly selective membrane with enhanced hydrophilicity, antifouling propensity, as well as long duration stability. This review focuses on the various strategies used for FO membrane substrate fabrication and modification. An overview of FO membranes is first presented. The extant strategies applied in FO membrane substrate fabrications and modifications in addition to efforts made to mitigate membrane fouling are extensively reviewed. Lastly, the future perspective regarding the strategies on different FO substrate layers in water treatment are highlighted.

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Section: Forward Osmosis Membranementioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies in Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrate Fabrication and Modification: A Review

et al. 2020

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“…The phase inversion method depends mainly on the de-mixing of a polymer solution and phase separation to create a porous polymeric membrane [92]. Therefore, the morphology of the support layer depends on the dissolution between solvent-nonsolvent and between polymer and non-solvent.…”

Section: Sub-layer Modified Via Phase Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These parameters are kinetic properties composition, a temperature of the polymer solution, additives, and a coagulation bath. When a rapid de-mixing of the polymer occurred due to the high thermodynamic aspect, a skin layer of the membrane can be produced quickly [92]. The formation mechanism of morphology depends on adjusting the solvent and non-solvent ratio during the synthesis process to control the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects.…”

Section: Sub-layer Modified Via Phase Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The formation mechanism of morphology depends on adjusting the solvent and non-solvent ratio during the synthesis process to control the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects. The properties of additives into the polymer matrix are significant because they may impact the thermodynamic (affinity with solvent, non-solvent, and polymer, also solvent-non solvent solubility) and kinetics (high viscosity of the casting solution) of the preparation step [92]. The final structure comprises macrovoids or porous structure in the PSf support layer while a dense skin is formed on the top.…”

Section: Sub-layer Modified Via Phase Inversionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in forward osmosis membranes: Altering the sub-layer structure via recent fabrication and chemical modification approaches

et al. 2018

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The forward osmosis process has obtained renewed interest nowadays and it might become an alternative solution for many industrial applications to meet the current and future requirements for potable water. The FO process depends on the osmotic pressure gradient between a high salinity draw solute and low salinity feed solution across a semi-permeable membrane to extract pure water. Despite the potential advantages of FO, there are some technical drawbacks that hinder FO application for water desalination. One of the most significant critical challenges is the need for membrane compatible with the FO process. To improve FO desalination feasibility, membrane development is required to obtain maximum water permeability and minimum Highlights  Comprehensive overview of commercial FO membranes and modified FO sub-layers.  Discussion of fundamental and practical challenges of FO membrane performance.  Chemical modification strategies to minimize the structural parameter of FO sub-layer.

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“…Therefore, numerous research studies have been devoted to explore the underlying correlations between the synthesis parameters for the PA and desalination properties of the final TFCs. The most important parameters include the type and concentration of monomers and additives, organic solvents, reaction time, curing time and temperature, posttreatment strategies, and fabrication method of the PA layer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of water flux and salt rejection properties of polyamide thin film composite membranes

Azizi

Sharif

2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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Optimizing synthesis factors of polyamide top layers is an important requirement in the design of thin film composite (TFC) membranes. In this research, the top layer fabrication method (conventional, heat curing, and spin coating), type of acid acceptor (sodium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, and triethylamine), type of organic phase solvent (hexane, heptane, and mixed hexane/heptane), and concentration of surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (0, 0.5, and 1 wt %) are selected as the control parameters of this synthesis and optimized using the Taguchi approach. The analysis of variance shows that the layer fabrication method is the most influential parameter on water flux and salt (NaCl) rejection of TFCs. Furthermore, although the type of organic solvent has not a significant contribution to the water flux, it is another significant factor affecting the rejection. The optimized membrane is then used to construct structureproperty relationships and to understand the influence of each individual factor on the desalination performance. Accordingly, a TFC membrane with the top layer fabricated by the heat curing method, in the presence of Na 2 CO 3 as the acid acceptor, hexane as the organic phase solvent and 0.5 wt % of the surfactant is prepared that shows water permeance of 2.73 L m −2 h −1 bar −1 and NaCl rejection of 98.1%. centration demonstrated the importance of these parameters in the preparation process of TFCs. The same group recently studied the synergistic effects of different additives on desalination properties of PA-TFC membranes. 23 The additives, which Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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Thermodynamics and kinetics control of support layer synthesis for enhanced thin film composite membrane performance

Cited by 9 publications

References 39 publications

Strategies in Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrate Fabrication and Modification: A Review

Strategies in Forward Osmosis Membrane Substrate Fabrication and Modification: A Review

Advances in forward osmosis membranes: Altering the sub-layer structure via recent fabrication and chemical modification approaches

Optimization of water flux and salt rejection properties of polyamide thin film composite membranes

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