Thermodynamic stability of oxide, nitride, and carbide coating materials in liquid Sn–25Li

Conceptual design of a liquid metal limiter/divertor system for the FFHR-d1

“…Pure molten tin (Sn) is the first candidate of the liquid metal for REVOLVER-D, because of its low melting temperature (~505 K) and low vapor pressure (< 10 -5 Pa at < 1,000 K [28]). Alloys, e.g., lithium-tin [29,30], are not selected as the first candidate for the REVOLVER-D to avoid difficulties related to the composition management in the fusion reactor environment. Characteristics of low melting point metals of lithium (Li), sodium (Na), gallium (Ga), indium (In), tin, lead (Pb), and bismuth (Bi), are compared in Table 1, where numerical values are taken from Refs.…”

“…The wettability of tin with ceramics is quite low, e.g., the wetting angle on the alumina (Al 2 O 3 ) plate is 160 -175 degrees at 500 -1,050 K [33]. The reactivity of tin with ceramics is also quite low [30]. Therefore, it is recommended to use ceramic pipes reinforced by metal pipes (or, metal pipes with thick ceramic coating inside, at least) for the ducts.…”

Moderate tritium properties in lithium–tin alloy as a liquid breeder/coolant

“…The required TPRF for Li 20 Sn 80 is 1000 for 10 Ci/day. Due to the possibly good compatibility of Li 20 Sn 80 with the coating materials [11], such a TPRF may be possible.…”

Coatings and joining for SiC and SiC-composites for nuclear energy systems

“…Further, joining of simple shapes into more complex structures is also apparently required, particularly for fusion reactor firstwall vessels that cannot possibly be made as a single section [3]. Thus, a significant effort has gone into development and understanding of protective coatings and joining for SiC/SiC composites [1,2,[4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. The Nano-powder infiltration and transient eutectoid (NITE) process, however, produces a SiC/SiC composite material with high density, low permeability, and has been used to demonstrate high-performance hot-pressed joining [13][14][15].…”