Thermodynamic model of the influence of temperature and carbon on the production of ferroalloy and calcium carbide from the basalt of Dubersay deposit

Abstract

The article covers the results of researches on thermodynamic modeling of ferroalloy and calcium carbide obtaining from basalts of deposit Dubersay. The software package HSC-5.1, based on the principle of Gibbs energy minimum uses in the study. The influence of temperature (from 500 to 2500 °C) and the amount of carbon (from 40 to 60 % of the basalt mass) in the basalt–Fe–nC system was determined. It has been established that iron silicides are formed at T ≥ 1300 °C, Si at T ≥ 1400 °C, CaSi and Al at T> 1700 °C and CaC2 – at T ≥ 1800 °C. An increase of the amount of carbon from 40 to 60 % allows rise the degree of distribution of Si in the alloy up to 94 %, calcium in CaCl2 – up to 62.3 %, aluminum – to alloy up to 93.9 %. An increase of the amount of carbon allows increase the silicon concentration in alloy up to 55 % (at 1800 °C), aluminum – up to 17 % (at 2000 °C) and calcium carbide capacity – up to 350 dm3/kg. The method of rototable planning of the second order allows find equations of regressions of the influence of temperature and amount of carbon on the equilibrium distribution of silicon, aluminum, and calcium between the ferroalloy and calcium carbide. On the basis of this equations were determined, that within the temperature range 1956-1996 °C from the Dubersay deposit basalt, the ferroalloy with a content of ΣSi and Al 60.8-65.4 % (including 12- 15 % Si) and calcium carbide with a capacity of 250-300 dm3/kg are formed. Wherein degree of recovery into the alloy for silicon is 91-91.4 % and for aluminum is 63-75.1 % and calcium – into CaC2 is 60-60.7 %. The resulting ferroalloy by the content of silicon and aluminum can be attributed to the complex ferroalloy – ferrosilicoaluminium, calcium carbide – to the industrial product of grade from 3 and up to the highest.

Modeling the Ferrosilicomanganese Smelting Process Using Manganese-Rich Slag

“…The HSC-9.0 (Outokumpu) software package [10] based on the Gibbs minimum energy principle was used for thermodynamic modeling. Previously, the authors used the HSC Chemistry program to study various ferroalloys, and their results were confirmed during the data collection process [11][12][13]. Manganese ore, slag of refined ferromanganese and Shubarkol coal were used as the initial charge materials for TDM.…”

Kinetics of extraction of the silicon, aluminum, and calcium of the basalt from the Daubaba deposit

“…This category of raw materials includes the igneous rock -basalt (igneous rocks according to the data [1] occupy 25-38% of the earth's surface). In the view of the fact that the raw material potential of the basalt is not used fully, we have proposed a technology of simultaneous electro-thermal production of the calcium carbide and ferroalloy from the basalt in order to expand the possibilities of its processing [2][3][4]. The article presents the results of the experimental studies of the kinetics of the extraction of the silicon, aluminum into the ferroalloy and calcium into the calcium carbide from the basalt of the Daubaba deposit, the reserves of which contain 19.4 million tons [5].…”

Archives of Foundry Engineering

“…For the complex processing of basalts, the authors have created a new technology for the simultaneous production of two types of productsferroalloy (containing aluminum and silicon) and calcium carbidefrom Kazakhstan basalts, which are currently obtained by various electrothermal methods. Combining the simultaneous production of ferroalloy and calcium carbide will reduce energy consumption by reducing heat losses by the furnace unit and will increase the level of complex processing of raw materials [40][41][42][43]. The technology is based on the following reaction:…”