Thermodynamic Analysis of Negative CO2 Emission Power Plant Using Aspen Plus, Aspen Hysys, and Ebsilon Software

Abstract

The article presents results of thermodynamic analysis using a zero-dimensional mathematical models of a negative CO2 emission power plant. The developed cycle of a negative CO2 emission power plant allows the production of electricity using gasified sewage sludge as a main fuel. The negative emission can be achieved by the use this type of fuel which is already a “zero-emissive” energy source. Together with carbon capture installation, there is a possibility to decrease CO2 emission below the “zero” level. Developed models of a novel gas cycle which use selected codes allow the prediction of basic parameters of thermodynamic cycles such as output power, efficiency, combustion composition, exhaust temperature, etc. The paper presents results of thermodynamic analysis of two novel cycles, called PDF0 and PFD1, by using different thermodynamic codes. A comparison of results obtained by three different codes offered the chance to verify results because the experimental data are currently not available. The comparison of predictions between three different software in the literature is something new, according to studies made by authors. For gross efficiency (54.74%, 55.18%, and 52.00%), there is a similar relationship for turbine power output (155.9 kW, 157.19 kW, and 148.16 kW). Additionally, the chemical energy rate of the fuel is taken into account, which ultimately results in higher efficiencies for flue gases with increased steam production. A similar trend is assessed for increased CO2 in the flue gas. The developed precise models are particularly important for a carbon capture and storage (CCS) energy system, where relatively new devices mutually cooperate and their thermodynamic parameters affect those devices. Proposed software employs extended a gas–steam turbine cycle to determine the effect of cycle into environment. First of all, it should be stated that there is a slight influence of the software used on the results obtained, but the basic tendencies are the same, which makes it possible to analyze various types of thermodynamic cycles. Secondly, the possibility of a negative CO2 emission power plant and the positive environmental impact of the proposed solution has been demonstrated, which is also a novelty in the area of thermodynamic cycles.

Compact High Efficiency and Zero-Emission Gas-Fired Power Plant with Oxy-Combustion and Carbon Capture

“…The following articles [10][11][12] present a technology that combines gas-steam turbines and clean electricity generation. The paper by Anderson et al [11] summarises the research on the adaptations made to the GEJ79 turbine.…”

“…With this type of fuel, it is becoming increasingly necessary to keep the size of the system reduced, while maintaining high combustion temperatures. It is worth mentioning that biomass and sewage sludge are considered a renewable energy source in Poland, thus there is potential to achieve negative CO 2 emissions [10].…”

Entrained Flow Plasma Gasification of Sewage Sludge–Proof-of-Concept and Fate of Inorganics

“…Using this tool, the study demonstrated that significant torrefaction of sewage sludge prior to steam gasification reduced the content of tars with melting points above 40 • C [59]. In terms of sewage sludge thermal utilisation, gasification has been considered as an interesting alternative to incineration, with some works even proposing such a thermal route, leading to gas-powered plants with negative CO 2 emissions [60].…”

Contemporary Problems in Combustion—Fuels, Their Valorisation, Emissions, Flexibility and Auxiliary Systems

“…Carbon capture can be instrumental in achieving ambitious decarbonisation targets, and has been recognised by the UNFCCC. Therefore, novel solutions are currently being developed, including carbon sequestration using hydrates, membrane-based carbon capture and storage, as well as pre-combustion CO 2 capture, or novel cycles [7,8]. Most of the work has been performed so far on post-combustion CCS and the proper integration of CCS with power plants [8].…”

“…Therefore, novel solutions are currently being developed, including carbon sequestration using hydrates, membrane-based carbon capture and storage, as well as pre-combustion CO 2 capture, or novel cycles [7,8]. Most of the work has been performed so far on post-combustion CCS and the proper integration of CCS with power plants [8]. Pre-combustion CO 2 capture seems to be an interesting alternative due to the much smaller volume of gases in comparison to flue gas from combustion.…”