Thermo-economic investigation of multi effect evaporation (MEE) and hybrid multi effect evaporation—multi stage flash (MEE-MSF) systems

Pilot demonstration of concentrated solar-powered desalination of subsurface agricultural drainage water and other brackish groundwater sources

“…Furthermore, as stated in [15], "due to their reliability and massive field experience" thermal methods are able to keep their water costs competitive with RO. In [19], the authors present a thermo-economic analysis of MSF and MED. They conclude that from an economic perspective, a hybrid MED-MSF system will yield a total product water cost that is 9% lower than the MED system on its own [19].…”

“…In [19], the authors present a thermo-economic analysis of MSF and MED. They conclude that from an economic perspective, a hybrid MED-MSF system will yield a total product water cost that is 9% lower than the MED system on its own [19]. Similarly, in [20], the structural optimization of a seawater desalination superstructure system model yielded an optimal design that combined both MED and MSF stages.…”

Boosted Multi-Effect Distillation for sensible low-grade heat sources: A comparison with feed pre-heating Multi-Effect Distillation

“…[19][20][21], can be modified in a way that the exiting heating medium is used to pre-heat the feed into the effects (Fig. 3).…”

“…To this end, we compare our Boosted MED scheme [11,13,[15][16][17][18] against a feed-preheating MED scheme [19][20][21]. We consider a standard parallel feed MED plant, as in Fig.…”

Energetic and economic investigation of Organic Rankine Cycle applications

“…The most common way to desalinate water is by means of processes with phase change like Multi-Stage-Flash-Evaporation (MFS) [20], Multi-Effect-Distillation (MED) [21] and others.…”