Thermite reactions: their utilization in the synthesis and processing of materials

Wang, L. L.; Munir, Zuhair A.; Maximov, Yuri M.

doi:10.1007/bf00353167

Cited by 378 publications

(204 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Thermites are a subclass of pyrotechnic reactions characterized by a very large heat release [1,2]. The aluminium + iron oxide system represents the archetype thermite reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The adiabatic reaction temperature provides a quantitative measure of exothermicity. In thermites this temperature exceeds the melting point of at least one of the products [2]. The 2Al + 3CuO thermite is particularly interesting as the adiabatic temperature is sufficient to vapourize part of the copper metal formed by the reduction of the oxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Optimum performance is generally expected for near-stoichiometric compositions because they ignite and propagate more readily [5]. In general, decreasing the particle size of the reactants increases the combustion rate [2,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…660 C but ignition requires much higher temperatures especially when the oxidizer has an elevated meltingor decomposition temperature. Often the required ignition temperature cannot be reached with conventional ignition sources [2]. The combustion of conventional thermite compositions is rate limited by the slow heterogeneous mass transfer across the metal and oxide interface [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

et al. 2011

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The ignition temperature of the Al-CuO thermite was measured using DTA at a scan rate of 50 C.min -1 in a nitrogen atmosphere. Thermite reactions are difficult to start as they require very high temperatures for ignition, e.g. for Al-CuO thermite comprising micron particles it is ca. 940 C. It was found that the ignition temperature is significantly reduced when the binary Si-Bi 2 O 3 system is added as sensitizer. Further improvement is achieved when the reagents are nano-sized powders. For the composition Al + CuO + Si + Bi 2 O 3 (65.3:14.7:16:4 wt %), with all components nano-sized, the observed ignition temperature is ca. 613 C and a thermal runaway reaction is observed in the DTA.

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“…Thermites are a subclass of pyrotechnic reactions characterized by a very large heat release [1,2]. The aluminium + iron oxide system represents the archetype thermite reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

et al. 2011

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“…It is an energy intensive process. To produce at low cost, Wang, et al reported the reaction of silica with aluminum metal at 1480 °C [5]. And Bao, et al also reported magnesiothermic reduction process at 650 °C [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of Silicon from Shirasu Volcanic Ash Using Solar Furnace

Hatakeyama¹,

Kaneko²,

Nishioka³

2015

IJMMM

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Abstract-Silicon was prepared from Shirasu volcanic ash using solar furnace. The solar furnace was composed from two parts; Fresnel lens and reacting furnace. Fresnel lens was used to concentrate sunlight onto the reacting furnace where the sample was put on. The sample was made from silica and silicon carbide formed using Shirasu volcanic ash, and placed in the carbon crucible inside the reacting furnace. By using light of sun concentrated with Fresnel lens, the sample was irradiated for 3.5 hours and the furnace was left until it cooled down to room temperature. Both irradiating and cooling processes were done under argon atmosphere. After the experiment, the sample was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. The sample was found to have produced the Si component.

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Combustion Science and Technology

Lackner

2011

Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology

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Combustion is an important and ubiquitous process, which supplies 85% of the worldwide energy as heat and power. In this article, fundamentals of combustion science are briefly reviewed: aspects of combustion chemistry, heat transfer and common fuels in solid, liquid and gaseous state. Biomass and safety‐related concerns are also covered. In the main section, combustion technology is explained: Common combustors such as boilers, power plants, reactors and engines are presented. Combustion synthesis for the production of advanced materials and a section on combustion‐derived pollutants and how to mitigate their effects such as climate change conclude this article.

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Thermite reactions: their utilization in the synthesis and processing of materials

Cited by 378 publications

References 41 publications

The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

The effect of Si–Bi2O3 on the ignition of the Al–CuO thermite

Formation of Silicon from Shirasu Volcanic Ash Using Solar Furnace

Combustion Science and Technology

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