Thermally induced self-agglomeration 3D scaffolds with BMP-2-loaded core–shell fibers for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of rat adipose-derived stem cells

Abstract

IntroductionScaffold structure plays a vital role in cell behaviors. Compared with two-dimensional structure, 3D scaffolds can mimic natural extracellular matrix (ECM) and promote cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions. The combination of osteoconductive scaffolds and osteoinductive growth factors is considered to have synergistic effects on bone regeneration.Materials and methodsIn this study, core–shell poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/polycaprolactone (PCL)–BMP-2 (PP–B) fibrous scaffolds were prepared through coaxial electrospinning. Next, we fabricated 3D scaffolds based on PP–B fibers with thermally induced self-agglomeration (TISA) method and compared with conventional PLGA/PCL scaffolds in terms of scaffold morphology and BMP-2 release behaviors. Then, rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) were seeded on the scaffolds, and the effects on cell proliferation, cell morphology, and osteogenic differentiation of rADSCs were detected.ResultsThe results demonstrated that 3D scaffold incorporated with BMP-2 significantly increased proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of rADSCs, followed by PP–B group.ConclusionOur findings indicate that scaffolds with 3D structure and osteoinductive growth factors have great potential in bone tissue engineering.

<p>Effects of miR-26a on Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells by a Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle - PEI - Peptide System</p>

“…ALP was identified as a marker of early osteoblastic differentiation. 47,48 ALP staining and activity assays were performed on days 7 and 14 after transfections to test the osteogenic differentiation level of rBMSCs. The highest ALP staining intensity was found in the group treated with MSN_miR-26a@PEI-KALA, whereas negligible difference was observed among the other three groups ( Figure 7A).…”

Bone morphogenetic protein&nbsp;2‑enhanced osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheres by regulation of Runx2 expression

“…The results of this study suggest combination therapy using stem cells and BMP-2 with a three-dimensional approach. The combined approach of osteoconductive scaffolds and osteoinductive growth factors may have synergistic effects on osteogenesis ( 17 ). In a previous report, the application of a combined approach with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMP-2 and hydroxyapatite led to successful treatment of critical-sized defects in human beings ( 18 ).…”

Recent progress on polymer scaffolds production: Methods, main results, advantages and disadvantages

“…For the assays with more than 2 groups, it is necessary to perform ANOVA, considering non-normal distribution and unpaired samples. In a different approach, PLGA/PCL-BMP2 3D scaffolds were produced via TISA for bone regeneration [87]. The electrospun scaffolds were prepared as a core-shell structure, where the shell was a blend of PLGA and PCL, and the core consisted of BMP-2 with bovine serum albumin.…”

“…Scaffolds presented a sustained release of BMP-2 within all the time periods evaluated, along with improved rat adipose-derived stem cells (rADSCs) attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation. The authors concluded that 3D scaffolds with osteoinductive growth factors are potential candidates for reconstructing bone defects in bone tissue engineering and dental medicine applications [87]. Authors invested in a core-shell technology to produce the scaffolds; however, this is not obvious why, because the structures were used to obtain 3D scaffolds via TISA.…”