Recent progress on polymer scaffolds production: Methods, main results, advantages and disadvantages

Abstract

Porous polymeric scaffolds provide a physical substrate for cells to attach and proliferate, allowing the formation of new tissue. These materials are broadly used in the tissue engineering field due to their ability to mimic native tissue. Each application requires specific morphologies and resistance, among other several features. To accomplish these requirements, various techniques are available, each one with its advantages and disadvantages. Among the most relevant techniques are salt leaching, solvent casting, gas foaming, thermally induced phase separation, freeze-drying, electrospinning, thermally induced self-agglomeration, and three-dimensional (3D) printing. In this review, a brief and simple explanation of each method is described, along with some recent results and each technique's advantages and disadvantages. It is expected that this review will bring important guidance in the production of polymer scaffolds for tissue engineering.

Novel polycaprolactone (PCL)‐type I collagen core‐shell electrospun nanofibers for wound healing applications

“…The excess liquid was removed using filter paper and samples weighted. The swelling degree (SD) was calculated using Equation (2).…”

“…The skin is the major organ in the body, serving as an insulating barrier against external factors such as humidity, heat, pathogens, and so forth. However, it is susceptible to suffering trauma that caused its discontinuity, the injury 1–3 . Once a wound is created in the skin, its ability to self‐regenerate is spontaneously activated and a series of biological and biochemical stages are sequentially followed to eliminate the discontinuity generated by the injury, thus restoring the skin's natural properties 4–8 .…”

Designing biomimetic scaffolds for skin tissue engineering

“…Furthermore, more efforts should be made to gain deep insight into the mechanism of skin substitutes and wound healing. 101…”

Rational Design of Advanced Triboelectric Materials for Energy Harvesting and Emerging Applications

“…Hierarchically structured nanofibers via electrospinning are hierarchical 2D and 3D macrostructures devised from 1D structures. [ 167 ] Among of these, inspired by biomimetic materials, porous nanofibers with rough surfaces and inner nanopores have excellent hydrophobicity and electrical properties. [ 58 ] It is worth mentioning that these internal porous structures could form charge traps that enhance the surface charge density of materials.…”