Thermal stability of flexible polyurethane foams containing modified layered double hydroxides and zinc borate

Zhang, Xu; Li, Sen; Wang, Zhi; Sun, Gaohui; Hu, Po

doi:10.1080/1023666x.2020.1812920

Cited by 26 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The residual carbon content of FPUF4 and FPUF5 is higher than other test samples, and the surface has no cracks as well as is relatively dense, which is consistent with the results of the thermogravimetric analysis done earlier. 4 This result illustrates that the modified LDH can effectively increase the residual carbon content of FPUF composites, improve the char-forming ability of FPUFs, and form a dense protective layer, which plays a good role in inhibiting material combustion. shown in Figure 7.…”

Section: Carbon Residue Morphologymentioning

confidence: 72%

“…With the deepening of relevant studies and the strengthening of people's environmental protection awareness, how to make flame retardants play an efficient role while causing less or no pollution to the environment has become a hot research direction at present. 4 Layered double hydroxide (LDH) has been used as a friendly nontoxic and efficient flame retardant in polyurethane composite materials due to the asphyxiant action of interlayer water and carbon dioxide in LDHs and its solid-phase flame-retardant function. 5 Gómez-Fernández et al used pyrolysis combustion flow calorimetry (PCFC) to study the modification of LDH-CO 3 by two phosphoruscontaining anions HPO 4 2− and bis (2-ethylhexyl phosphate, HDEHP − ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication and characterization of flame‐retardant and smoke‐suppressant of flexible polyurethane foam with modified hydrotalcite

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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The hydrotalcite has been chemically modified by using the ion exchange method to insert dihydrogen phosphate between the carbonate-type magnesium-aluminum hydrotalcite layers. And then, the effect of modified hydrotalcite on the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) has been investigated using limiting oxygen index (LOI) method, cone calorimeter test (CONE), smoke density chamber, flue gas analyzer, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). The current indicated that the LOI of flame-retardant modified FPUF was increased to 25.4%. And the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) of the samples were decreased by 74.9 kW/m 2 and by 9.7 MJ/m 2 , respectively. Additionally, the total amount of flue gas produced by combustion was reduced by 157.7 m 2 /m 2 , and the maximum concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) gas decreased from 51.3 to 23.8 mg/m 3 . Based on these data, it can be found that the hydrotalcite modified by dihydrogen phosphate intercalation had an excellent flame-retardant and smoke-suppressant effect, and 15% of modified hydrotalcite was the most appropriate amount during the combustion process of the modified FPUFs.

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Section: Carbon Residue Morphologymentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and characterization of flame‐retardant and smoke‐suppressant of flexible polyurethane foam with modified hydrotalcite

Zhang

Wen

et al. 2021

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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“…The weight loss rate α is defined according to the mass retention rate and temperature data of the TG curve. The reaction rate during the pyrolysis of the PUF can be expressed as Equation (1) 25

\frac{italicdα}{italicdt} = {italicAe}^{((), goodbreak- E / italicRT)} h (α) .

…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergy between manganese phytate and expandable graphite on thermal stability and combustion behavior of rigid polyurethane foam

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2023

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Rigid polyurethane foam (RPUF) modified by self-made manganese phytate (MnPa) and expandable graphite (EG) has been prepared successfully. The thermal stability and combustion behavior of the modified RPUFs (MEPUF) have been studied using the thermogravimetric analysis, pyrolysis kinetics analysis, smoke density analysis, limiting oxygen index (LOI), and UL-94 level test. When compared to MEPUF1 (MnPa/EG = 3/1), MEPUF2 (MnPa/EG = 1/1) had a 9.1 C higher initial decomposition temperature and had a greater activation energy. Additionally, the smoke density experiment demonstrated that the light transmittance of MEPUF2 increased by 5.1% compared with MEPUF1 in 0-70s and the LOI of MEPUF2 reached 23%. The current investigation indicated that MEPUF2 had better thermal stability and flame retardancy.

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“…The integral procedural decomposition temperature (IPDT), proposed by Doyle, is related to the volatile fraction of polymers and can be utilized to estimate the overall intrinsic thermal stability of polymers during decomposition. In this study, the IPDT was calculated from the TGA curve using the following equations [ 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]: IPDT = A*K*(T f − T i ) + T i , A* = (S1 + S2)/(S1 + S2 + S3), K* = (S1 + S2)/S1, where A* is the area ratio of the total experimental curve divided by the total TGA thermogram, K* is the modulus, T i is the initial experimental temperature (35 °C), and T f is the final experimental temperature (800 °C). For the analysis, the TGA plot was divided into three regions represented by S1, S2 and S3, as shown in Figure S5c .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Using Fumed Silica with Different Surface Treatment

Kim

2021

Polymers

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The objectives of this study are to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of epoxy/fumed silica composite with different surface treatments of fumed silica. The addition of silica nanoparticles improved the thermal stability of the composite and slowed down the pyrolysis process. The crosslinking density and Tg of the epoxy/fumed silica composites increased because of the interfacial interaction between the PDMS-treated fumed silica particles and the epoxy matrix. The flexural strength of the epoxy nanocomposite was very high even at a low silica content because of the strong interactions between the PDMS-treated fillers and the epoxy matrix. These strong interfacial interactions originate from the attractive forces between the polymer and the filler. Therefore, the polymer nanocomposite containing the PDMS-treated fumed silica is shown to be sufficiently commercially promising.

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Thermal stability of flexible polyurethane foams containing modified layered double hydroxides and zinc borate

Cited by 26 publications

References 27 publications

Fabrication and characterization of flame‐retardant and smoke‐suppressant of flexible polyurethane foam with modified hydrotalcite

Fabrication and characterization of flame‐retardant and smoke‐suppressant of flexible polyurethane foam with modified hydrotalcite

Synergy between manganese phytate and expandable graphite on thermal stability and combustion behavior of rigid polyurethane foam

Enhancing Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites Using Fumed Silica with Different Surface Treatment

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