Thermal Reactions of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Vapor Phase.

Abstract

part of the work, attention was given only to the establishment of general principles and no attempt wras made to learn details. CONCLUSIONS REGARDINGTHE PREPARATION OF TRI-NITROTOLUENE 1-Trinitrotoluene, of a satisfactory degree of purity, may be prepared from the mononitrotoluene obtained by the nitration of the toluene-paraffinolefin mixtures produced by the fractionation of "cracked" petroleum.2-From the laboratory point of view, at least, the poly-stage process seems best. The transformation from mono-to di-product should involve a fair degree of heating and a moderate concentration of acid. The final stage of the nitration should be conducted with a considerable excess of strong acid, which acid need not be wasted since when drawn off it may be used in an earlier stage of the next cycle of nitration. GENERAL SUMMARY I-The aromatic hydrocarbons produced by the "cracking" of petroleum may be utilized for the preparation of nitro-producís without being brought to a high degree of purity. The foreign substances not easily removable are paraffins and these are not affected by reagents of sufficient vigor to transform

Styrene and Indene from Persian Natural Gas

“…This is analogous to the mechanism suggested for the formation of butadiene from ethylene:In 1915 Pittman, Byron, and Egloff(12) investigated the pyrolysis of xylene and confirmed Berthelot's observation that toluene and benzene are the chief products; at the same time they isolated naphthalene and anthracene as well. In view of the ratio of xylene to styrene of 1 to 4 in the 135°to 150°C.…”

“…Soc., 55, 1376-89 (1933). (12) Enskog, D., Z. Physik, 12, 533-9 (1911); Ann. Physik, [4] 38, 731-63 (1912).…”

Pyrolytic Reactions of Asphaltic Materials

“…The repeatability of the chromatographs corresponding to the same material processed under identical conditions was considered satisfactory for the purposes of this investigation. Figure 3 illustrates the repeatability of two chromatograms for asphalt SI 18 obtained under the same conditions on different days. The chrorqatogram of asphalt SI 17 is included to illustrate the type of typical differences which can be observed between chromatograms of pyrolysis products (pyrograms) of two different asphalts.…”

Vapor-Phase Catalytic Oxidation of Organic Compounds Production of Toluic Aldehyde and Phthalic Anhydride from Xylene

“…Rittman, Byron, and Egloff (19) subjected xylene to temperatures of 650°, 725°, and 800°C. at subatmospheric pressure and pressures of 1, 12, and 18 atmospheres.…”