Thermal properties and shelf life of HMX–HTPB based plastic-bonded explosives

Lee, Jinn‐Shing; Hsu, Chung‐King

doi:10.1016/s0040-6031(02)00095-3

Cited by 22 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The corresponding charge performance and sensitivity parameters of RDX and its PBXs are summarized in Table 3. [43][44][45]. D, Charge density, in g.m -3 ; Me, Molecular weight, g.mol -1 ; Im, Impact energy, in J; Hd, Heat of decomposition, J.g -1 ; Tb, Critical temperature for thermal explosion, in Celsius.…”

Section: Reliability Of Obtained Reaction Models and Their Physical Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was also found [10, 12] that the peak temperatures for all the prepared mixtures bonded by Viton A and Fluorel are slightly higher than those of pure explosives, which showed they could enhance the thermal stability of the RDX, resulting in greater critical radius. The Viton A and Fluorel are considered have greater thermal stability than Semtex and C4 matrix [45], hence a film of such inert materials may inhibit the thermal decomposition of RDX. It was further pointed out by Burnham [46] that the presence of an endothermic binder in a PBX could increase the times to thermal explosion, while the presence of an exothermic binder decreases the times to explosion.…”

Section: The Effect Of Polymer On the Critical Radius Of The Cylindermentioning

confidence: 99%

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The effect of polymer matrices on the thermal hazard properties of RDX-based PBXs by using model-free and combined kinetic analysis

Yan

Zeman

Jiménez

et al. 2014

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Abstract:In this paper, the decomposition reaction models and thermal hazard properties of 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane (RDX) and its PBXs bonded by Formex P1, Semtex 1A, C4, Viton A and Fluorel polymer matrices have been investigated based on isoconversional and combined kinetic analysis methods. The established kinetic triplets are used to predict the constant decomposition rate temperature profiles, the critical radius for thermal explosion and isotherms under a low temperature. It has been found that isoconversional and combined kinetic methods could yield equivalent reliable kinetic triplets, whereas it's easier to use the latter one to determine reaction models of energetic materials. The effect of the polymer matrices on the decomposition mechanism of RDX is significant, where Formex P1, Semtex and C4 could make initial decomposition of RDX follow a phase boundary controlled reaction mechanism, while under the effect of Viton A and Fluorel, its reaction model shifts to a random two dimensional nucleation and growth model. It has also been shown that the energetic materials that have longer induction period on constant reaction rate curves would have greater impact energy. According to isothermal simulations, the threshold cookoff time until loss of functionality at 82 °C for RDX-C4 and RDX-FM are less than 500 days, while it is more than 700 days for the others. Unlike simulated isothermal curves, when considering the charge properties and heat of decomposition, RDX-FM and RDX-C4 are better than RDX-SE in storage safty at arbitrary surrounding temperature.

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Section: Reliability Of Obtained Reaction Models and Their Physical Imentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Effect Of Polymer On the Critical Radius Of The Cylindermentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of polymer matrices on the thermal hazard properties of RDX-based PBXs by using model-free and combined kinetic analysis

Yan

Zeman

Jiménez

et al. 2014

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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“…São empregadas principalmente para obtenção de dados referentes à cinética de degradação térmica de diferentes formulações 6 . Os parâmetros desejados são obtidos a partir das curvas TG ou DSC, ou ainda, por microcalorimetria.…”

Section: Estudo Cinético Do Comportamento Térmico De Materiais Energéunclassified

Análise térmica aplicada ao estudo de materiais energéticos

Andrade¹,

Iha²,

Rocco³

et al. 2007

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 15/3/06; aceito em 18/10/06; publicado na web em 27/4/07 THERMAL ANALYSIS APPLIED TO THE STUDY OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS. This paper shows different aspects related to the application of different thermal analysis techniques in the study of energetic materials. The criteria used to choose the best technique and an exact approach to adjust the experimental data with a proper model are here discussed. The paper shows how to use the different thermal analysis results to help develop new compounds, to study the stability of some energetic materials and their compatibility, and the conditions necessary for a secure storing environment.Keywords: thermal analysis; energetic material; propellants. INTRODUÇÃOMateriais energéticos são utilizados tanto na área civil como militar; compostos como nitroglicerina, pólvora negra e nitrocelulose estão entre os mais utilizados ao longo das últimas décadas. Entre as propriedades características destes compostos e/ou formulações, pode-se destacar a capacidade de liberarem grande quantidade de energia em curto espaço de tempo, quando expostos a estímulo tér-mico, elétrico ou em decorrência de um impacto. Em virtude destas características, inúmeros programas de pesquisa vêm sendo desenvolvidos, tendo como enfoque o aumento da performance destes materiais em tais propriedades 1 . As diversas técnicas termoanalíticas 2 utilizadas isoladamente ou em conjunto com outras técnicas, tais como espectroscopia no Infravermelho (IR), espectroscopia de massas (MS), cromatografia gasosa (CG) ou cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE) vêm demonstrando serem ferramentas importantes no estudo dos materiais energéticos. A análise térmica diferencial (DTA), a calorimetria exploratória diferencial (DSC) e a termogravimetria (TG) podem ser utilizadas, por ex., na compreensão dos mecanismos físico-químicos relativos a processos de decomposição térmica 3 ou no estudo e desenvolvimento de novos compostos 4 , entre outros. Neste trabalho, é apresentada uma discussão sobre a aplicação das técnicas termoanalíticas ao estudo de compostos altamente energéticos. São discutidas diferentes condições necessárias ao desenvolvimento de estudos experimentais e apresentados diversos exemplos de aplicações da termoanálise a materiais energéticos. ESTUDO CINÉTICO DO COMPORTAMENTO TÉRMICO DE MATERIAIS ENERGÉTICOS VIA ANÁLISE TÉRMICANas últimas décadas, as técnicas termoanalíticas têm sido amplamente utilizadas para estudo de materiais energéticos 5 . São empregadas principalmente para obtenção de dados referentes à cinética de degradação térmica de diferentes formulações 6 . Os parâmetros desejados são obtidos a partir das curvas TG ou DSC, ou ainda, por microcalorimetria. A busca de tais informações tem como objetivo o aperfeiçoamento e o desenvolvimento de novos materiais. Além disso, os diversos estudos realizados permitem encontrar as condições mais adequadas para processos de estocagem, para o desenvolvimento de novos estabilizantes que retardem processos de degradação oxidativa e/ou térmica, além da...

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“…Thermal characterisation and analysis of energetic materials and their formulations are important not only for understanding the kinetics of their thermal decomposition, but also for assessing the effect of their exothermic decomposition on the potential hazards in their handling, processing, and storage 15,16 . Thermal characterisation of PBX containing RDX or HMX with HTPB-binder has been reported by different authors [17][18][19][20][21] . The performance, sensitivity and thermal analysis data obtained from HMX-based sheet explosive formulation have been compared in this paper with the existing conventional RDX-based sheet explosive formulation 13,14 .…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Studies on Sheet Explosive Formulation Based on Octahydro-1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocine and Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene

et al. 2017

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The effect of replacing hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX) by octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) in HTPB-binder on the performance, sensitivity, thermal, and mechanical properties of the sheet explosive formulation has been studied. The maximum loading of HMX was achieved up to 78 per cent in HTPB-binder system. The velocity of detonation (VOD) of HMX-based sheet explosive was observed about 7300 m/s which is marginally higher than existing RDX-based sheet explosive formulation (RDX/HTPB-binder, 80/20). The VOD trends were verified by theoretical calculation by BKW code using FORTRAN executable program. The thermal decomposition kinetics of sheet explosive formulations was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The activation energy for sheet explosive formulation HMX/HTPB-binder (78/22) was calculated using Kissinger kinetic method and found to be 170.08 kJ/mol, infer that sheet explosive formulation is thermally stable.

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Thermal properties and shelf life of HMX–HTPB based plastic-bonded explosives

Cited by 22 publications

References 4 publications

The effect of polymer matrices on the thermal hazard properties of RDX-based PBXs by using model-free and combined kinetic analysis

The effect of polymer matrices on the thermal hazard properties of RDX-based PBXs by using model-free and combined kinetic analysis

Análise térmica aplicada ao estudo de materiais energéticos

Studies on Sheet Explosive Formulation Based on Octahydro-1,3,5,7-Tetranitro-1,3,5,7-Tetrazocine and Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene

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