Thermal oxidation behavior of WC–Co hard metal machining tool tip scraps

Gu, Wang-Hoi; Jeong, Yeon Seok; Kim, Kyeongmi; Kim, Jin-Chun; Son, Seong‐Ho; Kim, Sun Jung

doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2012.01.009

Cited by 66 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…4) had a higher microporosity. This was the result of the release of some volatile tungsten oxide compounds (usually WO 3 ) and CO/CO 2 , products formed by the hard metal oxidation [42,43]. In these SEM images, a binder phase with a pseudo-granular aspect was clearly visible.…”

Section: Accepted Manuscript 13mentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of temperature on the biaxial strength of cemented carbides with different microstructures

Chicardi

Bermejo

Gotor

et al. 2018

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

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Abstract. The effect of the temperature on the mechanical strength of WC-Co cemented carbides with different microstructures (grain size and binder content) was evaluated. Biaxial flexural tests were performed on three cemented carbide grades at 600°C using the ball-on-three-balls (B3B) method. Results were interpreted by Weibull statistics and compared to biaxial strength results at room temperature. A detailed fractographic analysis, supported by Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics, was performed to differentiate the nature and size of critical defects and the mechanism responsible for the fracture. A significant decrease in the mechanical strength (around 30%) was observed at 600ºC for all grades of cemented carbides. This fact was ascribed to the change in the critical flaw population from sub-surface (at room temperature) to surface defects, associated with the selective oxidation of Co. Additionally, an estimation of the fracture toughness at 600°C was attempted for the three cemented carbides, based upon the B3B strength results, the corresponding number of the tested specimens fragments and the macroscopic area of the B3B fracture surfaces. The fracture toughness was not ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T2 affected by the temperature, at least up to 600ºC. In addition, the good agreement with the Single Edge Notch Beam toughness data suggests the possibility of employing this approach for fracture toughness evaluation of brittle materials under different testing conditions.

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Section: Accepted Manuscript 13mentioning

confidence: 92%

Influence of temperature on the biaxial strength of cemented carbides with different microstructures

Chicardi

Bermejo

Gotor

et al. 2018

International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials

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“…The porosity of this layer is thought to be related to gaseous CO and CO 2 being released at the interface between the cemented carbide and the atmosphere. At higher binder levels, the layer becomes less porous, more compact and consists of the complex oxide CoWO 4 [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Graphmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is because at these temperatures, the oxidation ability of the carbide phase is limited. The situation is reversed at higher temperatures: the oxidation ability of the binder is limited, and tungsten trioxide WO 3 readily forms [14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Graphmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties and Testing of Cemented Carbides

Kříž¹,

Bricín²

2017

Powder Metallurgy - Fundamentals and Case Studies

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This chapter deals with selected properties of cemented carbides and their testing. It consists of three main sub-chapters. The first one covers the degradation processes associated with grinding of cemented carbides. Among those, the focus is on the effects of thermal loads and reactions with the environment-the atmosphere. The second main sub-chapter describes the origin of residual stresses and their impact on cemented carbide properties. Finally, the third main sub-chapter explores the corrosion of cemented carbides in various environments. The choice of these topics was inspired by the impression that many users have of cemented carbides: indestructible materials in which no degradation takes place either during the production of cutting tools or during their use. As evidenced by the authors' experience described below, which has been acquired over many years in the field, damage in cemented carbides is a very frequent occurrence. Despite that it still receives very little attention, and especially the damage in cemented carbide cutting tools tends to be ascribed to various other factors, such as the applied coatings, the cutting process conditions and the material of the workpiece.

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“…In this way, the leachability of W could sufficiently explain the results of ammonia leaching, as shown in Figure 6. The dissolution of tungstic acid in ammonia solution can be expressed as follows [20]:…”

Section: Acid Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To easily pulverize scrap, zinc-melting and high-temperature oxidation methods [19,20] have been proposed and used as an industrial procedure in WC recycling. However, each approach has some drawbacks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaching Behavior of Al, Co and W from the Al-Alloying Treated WC-Co Tool as a New Recycling Process for WC Hard Scrap

Lee

Kim

et al. 2016

Metals

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Abstract:The Al-alloying treated tungsten carbide (WC)-Co tool was subjected to grinding using a jaw crusher and planetary mill followed by three wet chemical treatment steps to establish an effective recycling process for WC scraps, especially those generated as bulky and hard scrap. This alloyed WC tool was readily ground to a powder of 1 mm or less and divided into two portions that were 150 µm in size. The wet chemical treatments enabled us to recover W to 69.44% from the under-sized 150 µm and also obtain WC powders from the over-sized 150 µm with a high purity of 98.9% or more.

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Thermal oxidation behavior of WC–Co hard metal machining tool tip scraps

Cited by 66 publications

References 14 publications

Influence of temperature on the biaxial strength of cemented carbides with different microstructures

Influence of temperature on the biaxial strength of cemented carbides with different microstructures

Properties and Testing of Cemented Carbides

Leaching Behavior of Al, Co and W from the Al-Alloying Treated WC-Co Tool as a New Recycling Process for WC Hard Scrap

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