“…By category average, ECR and ECT account for 10-50 and 5-46 % of TC, respectively. In general, ECR > ECT, as reported in previous studies (Khan et al, 2012;Han et al, 2013; Chow transmittance measurements (LR λ and LT λ , respectively, in millivolts (mV)) from the retrofitted seven-wavelength carbon analyzer at room temperature against absolute filter reflectance and transmittance (FR λ and FT λ , respectively) quantified by the Lambda integrating-sphere spectrometer, using eight Fresno ambient samples (5/6, 6/6, 6/19, 7/3, 9/29, 11/4, 11/13, and 12/28 of 2003) of various loadings as transfer standards. The 633 nm data are from a conventional carbon analyzer.…”