Thermal, morphological, and X‐ray study of polymer‐clay nanocomposites

Abstract

Synthesis and characterization of polymer nanocomposites consisting of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A with inorganic as well as organically modified nanosized clay fillers, for example, vermiculites and montmorillonite, obtained from trade, are studied. Confirmations of intercalation and exfoliation characteristics of these fillers into the cured epoxy resin matrix have been investigated by wide angle X-ray diffraction studies. Scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy techniques have been adopted to assess the nature of filler dispersion, size of the agglomerates, and the polymer-filler adhesion. While significant improvement in the mechanical properties (i.e., tensile, flexural strength, and modulus) has been observed, the thermo-oxidative stability of the composites measured by thermogravimetric analysis showed only marginal improvement. V C 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 124: [3236][3237][3238][3239][3240][3241][3242][3243][3244] 2012

Curing Characteristics and Physical Properties of Natural Rubber Composites Using Modified Clay Filler

“…Figure 7 also shows that, for a sample height of approximately 4 μm, modified clay provided a relatively bumpy surface compared to the surface obtained when unmodified clay was used as the filler. This difference was caused by the changes in the dimensions of the modified clay, and it was also reported by Nam et al (2004), Nigam et al (2012), and Suresha et al (2013). Figure 7 also shows that the distribution of modified clay particles in vulcanized natural rubber was better compared to the use of unmodified clay fillers.…”

“…A wide variety of chemicals have been used by researchers to modify clay, such as the metal chlorides used by Lalikova et al (2011), the fatty acid salt used by Zhang et al (2014), the hydrazine hydrate used by Sukumar and Menon (2008), the dimethyl, benzyl, dehydrogenated tallow, and quarternary ammonium used by Saritha et al (2012), the 3mercaptoprophyltrimethoxysilane used by Sheikh et al (2017), the hexamethylenediamine used by Sreelekshmi et al (2017), the dimethyldioctadecylammonium and bis(4hydroxybuthyl)methyldioctadecylammonium used by Nam et al (2004), and the octadecylamine used by Praveen et al (2009), Nigam et al (2012), and Manchado et al (2003). In general, this clay modification aims to increase the adsorption on the clay surface so that the clay can function better as a filler.…”

Recent Development of Flax Fibres and Their Reinforced Composites Based on Different Polymeric Matrices

“…Table 5 shows the collected mechanical properties of flax-reinforced composites based on different matrices. Except for mechanical performance, the physical information of flax fibres and associated composites, could be obtained through various approaches, such as DSC (differential scanning calorimetry) [54], DMA (dynamic mechanical analysis), TGA (thermogravimetric analysis) [54], X-ray diffraction [34], SEM (scanning electron microscopy) [54,55] and FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy) [53,56]. …”

Thermal and mechanical properties of palm oil-based polyurethane acrylate/clay nanocomposites prepared by in-situ intercalative method and electron beam radiation

“…The amount of the filler was increased in the 5% nanocomposite, and still the good adhesion to the matrix is present, indicating the high compatibility of ODA-MMT with POBUA matrix. In contrast, the microcomposite SEM image shows clear peeling of the MMT from the POBUA films, and the agglomeration can be observed obviously in the film surface, indicating the poor compatibility between POBUA and MMT clay [27].…”