Thermal-hydraulic–iodine chemistry coupling: Insights gained from the SARNET benchmark on the THAI experiments Iod-11 and Iod-12

Weber, Gunther H.; Herranz, L.E.; Bendiab, Mohammed; Fontanet, Joan; Funke, F.; Bruno, Giordano; Ivanov, Ivan; Krajewski, Stefan; Manfredini, A.; Paci, Sandro; Pelzer, Martin; Sevón, Tuomo

doi:10.1016/j.nucengdes.2013.07.012

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Recent research (Haste et al, 2012) has questioned the traditional view that assumed aqueous iodine chemistry as the main source of gaseous iodine in containment and it has brought up other potential sources and sinks of gaseous iodine, like iodine interaction with paints and paint degradation products, reaction of iodine compounds with air radiolysis products and iodine oxides formation in the gas phase. Bench-scale studies (Kärkelä et al, 2010) seem to confirm the potential formation of iodine oxides from iodine gaseous species, which is consistent with observations in larger scale experiments like Phébus FP and THAI (Weber et al, 2013). These gas-to-particle conversion processes could contribute to maintain in the long run the airborne radionuclide contamination of the containment.…”

Section: Source Termsupporting

confidence: 60%

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Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network

Dorsselaere

Auvinen

Beraha

et al. 2015

Nuclear Engineering and Design

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The SARNET network (Severe Accident Research NETwork of excellence), co-funded by the European Commission from 2004 to 2013, has allowed to significantly improve the knowledge on severe accidents and to disseminate it through courses and ERMSAR conferences. The major investigated topics, involving more than 250 researchers from 22 countries, were in- and ex-vessel corium/debris coolability, molten-core–concrete-interaction, steam explosion, hydrogen combustion and mitigation in containment, impact of oxidising conditions on source term, and iodine chemistry. The ranking of the high priority issues was updated to account for the results of recent international research and for the impact of Fukushima nuclear accidents in Japan. In addition, the ASTEC integral code was further developed to capitalize the new knowledge. The network has reached self-sustainability by integration in mid-2013 into the NUGENIA Association. The main activities and outcomes of the network are presented

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Section: Source Termsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Two code benchmark exercises have been performed on THAI Iod-11 and Iod-12 tests (Weber et al, 2013). They showed that some thermal-hydraulics variables like gas temperature and pressure are well captured by codes, while a broad scatter was observed on relative humidity and condensation rates.…”

Section: Source Termmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network

Dorsselaere

Auvinen

Beraha

et al. 2015

Nuclear Engineering and Design

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“…For Iod-12, no calculation delivers a satisfactory evolution of the I2 concentration in all five compartments of the vessel. Three mediocre results standing out in the Iod-11 exercise are from the same user-code combinations; the discrepancies derive from various reasons [10]. A significant user effect was detected, i.e.…”

Section: Thai-iod11/iod12mentioning

confidence: 91%

“…In the SARNET THAI Benchmark [10] the capability of current accident codes regarding iodine transport and behaviour in sub-divided containments was assessed. In THAI Iod-11 and Iod-12, made available for the benchmark, the distribution of molecular iodine (I2) in the five compartments of the 60 m 3 vessel under stratified and well-mixed conditions was measured.…”

Section: Thai-iod11/iod12mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the THAI benchmark the spread of RH is the largest of all thermal hydraulic parameters. Humidity is important in iodine calculations because chemisorption of I2 on steel [10] as well as on paint increases significantly with RH. During wall heating with transient atmospheric temperatures the main contributors to RH calculation failure are poorly calculated atmospheric and structure temperatures.…”

Section: Thermal Hydraulic Aspectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Iodine Benchmarks in the SARNET Network of Excellence

Haste

Giuli

Weber

et al. 2016

Journal of Nuclear Engineering and Radiation Science

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Accurate calculation of iodine behavior in the containment is very important in determining the potential radioactive release to the environment in light water reactor severe accidents (SAs). Of particular significance is the behavior of gas phase iodine, particularly organic iodine, which is difficult to remove by filtration, e.g., in containment venting systems. Iodine behavior is closely linked with the containment thermal hydraulics, which have a major influence on the distribution of iodine throughout the containment atmosphere and sump. In the European 7th Framework SARNET project, European Commission (EC) cofunded from 2007 to 2013, SA modeling code capability was assessed through two integral benchmarks. In the first, the basis was the German THAI Iod-11/12 tests, where molecular iodine transport with atmospheric flows and iodine interactions with steel surfaces were emphasized. In the second, data from the international Phébus FPT3 test were used, where all aspects of SAs were studied from core degradation, fission product (FP) release, circuit transport/deposition, and containment behavior using realistic FP sources. Thermal hydraulics in the containment were simpler, being well-mixed, and radiolytic interactions of iodine, e.g., with painted surfaces, were studied. These interactions may be an important source of organic iodine in the containment atmosphere. The two benchmarks are thus complementary. In the FPT3 exercise, the calculations could predict the containment thermal hydraulic conditions fairly well. For the more detailed data from THAI, differences were noted for atmospheric flows and relative humidities, outside experimental uncertainties, affecting iodine behavior. The FPT3 iodine results themselves showed a spread in calculated results outside data uncertainties, indicating the need for model improvements in this area, e.g., for radiolytic interaction of iodine with paint. Experimental programs to generate the necessary data needed for code improvement have been recently completed, e.g., in the OECD/THAI, THAI2, BIP, and BIP2 projects, or are in progress, in OECD/STEM and EC/PASSAM. When model improvements have been made, repeat benchmarks are planned to check progress toward code convergence with experimental data, e.g., under the aegis of the new NUGENIA association of which SARNET now forms a part.

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THAI experimental research on hydrogen risk and source term related safety systems

2021

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Thermal-hydraulic–iodine chemistry coupling: Insights gained from the SARNET benchmark on the THAI experiments Iod-11 and Iod-12

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network

Recent severe accident research synthesis of the major outcomes from the SARNET network

Iodine Benchmarks in the SARNET Network of Excellence

THAI experimental research on hydrogen risk and source term related safety systems

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