Thermal emission of semiconductors under nonequilibrium conditions

Malyutenko, V. K.; Liptuga, A. I.; Teslenko, G. I.; Botte, V.

doi:10.1016/0020-0891(89)90113-9

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Besides, the location of the absolute radiation peaks for curves 2, 3 is somewhat shifted in the λ scale, though both curves correspond to the same temperature T = 340 K. These features, theoretically predicted in this work, have been observed earlier [11] for different samples in the radiation spectra for free charge carriers in semiconductors with no high-quality plane-parallel plates.…”

supporting

confidence: 79%

Oscillation features of the thermal radiation from a heated crystal plate

et al. 2003

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The presented results show that the spectrum of thermal radiation from a semiconductor plate whose opposite faces are parallel to each other demonstrates an oscillating character. This is due to the interference effects in the Fabry-Perot resonator. The spectrum features strongly depend not only on the plate thickness, but also on such parameters as plasma frequency (ωp) and damping coefficient (γp). The electron-hole plasma frequency can be easily varied by photo-excitation, injection of electrons or holes, and other techniques. So one can hope that the study of thermal radiation from such semiconductor elements would allow developing new efficient and controlled IR radiation sources.

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confidence: 79%

Oscillation features of the thermal radiation from a heated crystal plate

et al. 2003

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“…One may also employ all-optical modulation of the emissivity via photocarrier doping. For example, optical pumping of silicon has been used to achieve pulsed TE, with the speed limited by the ~200 µs free-carrier lifetime 75 . A recent work demonstrated nanosecond modulation of emissivity of a gallium-arsenide (GaAs) surface, enabled by the much-shorter free-carrier lifetime in GaAs compared to silicon 76 .…”

Section: Tunable Thermal Emissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic engineering of far-field thermal emitters

et al. 2019

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Thermal emission is a ubiquitous and fundamental process by which all objects at non-zero temperatures radiate electromagnetic energy. This process is often presented to be incoherent in both space and time, resulting in broadband, omnidirectional light emission toward the far field, with a spectral density related to the emitter temperature by Planck's law. Over the past two decades, there has been considerable progress in engineering the spectrum, directionality, polarization, and temporal response of thermally emitted light using nanostructured materials. This review summarizes the basic physics of thermal emission, lays out various nanophotonic approaches to engineer thermal-emission in the far field, and highlights several relevant applications, including energy harvesting, lighting, and radiative cooling. 2 I: IntroductionEvery hot object emits electromagnetic radiation according to the fundamental principles of statistical mechanics. Examples of this phenomenon-dubbed thermal emission (TE)-include sunlight and the glow of an electric stovetop or embers in a fire. The basic physics behind TE from hot objects has been well understood for over a century, as described by Planck's law 1 , which states that an ideal black body (a fictitious object that perfectly absorbs over the entire electromagnetic spectrum and for all incident angles) emits a broad spectrum of electromagnetic radiation determined by its temperature.Increasing the temperature of a black body results in an increase in emitted intensity, and a skew of the spectral distribution toward shorter wavelengths. A fundamental property of this process is that the thermal emissivity of any object-which quantifies the propensity of that object to generate TE compared to a black body-is determined by its optical absorptivity 1 . The connection between absorption and thermal emission, linked to the time reversibility of microscopic processes, suggests that the temporal and spatial coherence of the TE can be engineered via judicious material selection and patterning.Engineering of TE is of great interest for applications in lighting, thermoregulation, energy harvesting, tagging, and imaging. This review summarizes the basic physics of TE and surveys recent advances in the far-field control of TE via nanophotonic engineering. First, we present the basic formalism that describes TE, and review realizations of narrowband, directional, and dynamically reconfigurable far-field thermal emitters based on nanophotonic structures. Then we review applications of engineered far-field TE, with emphasis on energy and sustainability. II: Theoretical backgroundAt elevated temperatures, the constituents of matter, including electrons and atomic nuclei, possess

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“…Here E g is the energy of the semiconductor forbidden gap. In the first case positive (PL) and negative (NL) luminescence [5][6][7] were investigated, while in the second case thermal emission (TE) of the nonequilibrium charge carriers was studied [8][9][10]. The unit base thickness d = 3.9 mm was comparable to L d .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%