Thermal Effects on the Drilling Performance of a Limestone: Relationships with Physical and Mechanical Properties

Martínez-Ibáñez, Víctor; Garrido, M. E.; Signes, Carlos Hidalgo; Basco, Aniello; Miranda, Tiago F. S.; Tomás, Roberto

doi:10.3390/app11073286

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 50 publications

(88 reference statements)

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“…Such an effect is related to the closure of pores and fissures by thermal dilation of calcite [23], and the authors attribute a marginal decrease in porosity measured at 300 • C to this effect (Figure 4a,b). The increase in SJ due to the hardening effect (Figure 5c,d) was previously reported for Prada limestone [19] and is now confirmed in this research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…SJ and S 20 represent different effects in a rotary-percussive drilling process, as S20 expresses the impact action of the drill bit, while thrust and rotation are represented by the SJ value [18]. Turning to the effects of thermal treatments on the drilling performance of rocks, a significant 40% improvement in DRI at 600 • C was observed in Prada limestone [19], and representative correlations were found between drillability and the mechanical and elastic properties of the rock. A pioneering work registered penetration-time curves from Sievers' J-miniature drill tests to indicate the drilling rate on rock samples [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A New SJ* Value Based on Sievers’ J-Miniature Drill Tests to Determine the Drillability of Limestones

Martínez-Ibáñez,

Garrido,

Hidalgo Signes

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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This research presents a new drillability value (SJ*) that corrects the most-used Sievers’ J-value (SJ) by removing the accommodation effect of the drill bit in the first tenths of a millimetre to better represent the real drillability of limestones. Moreover, this research demonstrates how such an effect is more notable when porosity and micro-cracking increase, which in this study has been achieved by inducing thermal damage in the samples. To do so, limestone samples from the Prada formation were subjected to temperatures of 105, 300 and 600 °C and then cooled at fast and slow rates to induce porosity and micro-cracking. Two characteristic zones were identified in the penetration–time plots: (a) a shallow region (Zone 1) with a variable drilling rate including an initial peak and (b) a deeper region (Zone 2) where the drilling rate stabilises. These drilling rates increase with thermally induced porosity and micro-cracking, and the authors propose a new method to delimit Zones 1 and 2. Zone 1 is attributed to the time it takes for the drill bit to adjust and settle in the rock surface, while Zone 2 more realistically represents the drillability of the material. The above influences the SJ value derived from Sievers’ J-miniature drill tests, so a new drillability value SJ* is proposed that corrects SJ by excluding Zone 1 and giving more weight to Zone 2. The novel SJ* presented in this research constitutes a more accurate tool to assess and predict the drilling performance in limestones.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A New SJ* Value Based on Sievers’ J-Miniature Drill Tests to Determine the Drillability of Limestones

Martínez-Ibáñez,

Garrido,

Hidalgo Signes

et al. 2023

Sustainability

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“…The study of thermal effects on rock properties is an emerging area of research with publications on the thermal behavior of several lithologies, including limestone [7][8][9], sandstone [10,11], and granite [12][13][14]. Besides the mechanical changes, mineralogical changes and other physical transformations are linked to increasing temperature in rocks such as granite [15,16] or especially carbonate rocks such as limestone [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical Alteration and Color Change of Granite Subjected to High Temperature

2021

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Cylindrical specimens obtained from the monzogranite host rock of the National Radioactive Waste Repository of Hungary were tested at room temperature and 250 °C, 500 °C, and 750 °C of heat treatment. Reflectance spectra (color), bulk density, Duroskop surface hardness, and ultrasound-wave velocity values were measures before and after thermal stress. According to CIE L*a*b* colorimetric characteristics, the specimens’ color became brighter and yellower after the heat treatment. At 750 °C, a significant volume increase was recorded linked to the formation of macro-cracks, and it also led to the drop in bulk density. Smaller temperature treatment (250 °C) caused a minor decrease in density (−1.3%), which is higher than the reduction of density at 500 °C (−0.8%). Duroskop surface strength showed a slight decrease until 500 °C, and then a drastic decline at 750 °C. P- and S-wave velocity values tend to decrease uniformly and significantly from room temperature to 750 °C. P-wave velocity and Duroskop values have a high exponential correlation at elevated temperatures. Physical alterations originated from the differential thermal-induced expansion of minerals, the formation of micro-cracks. Mineralogical changes at higher temperatures also contribute to the volume change and the loss in strength.

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Predicting the Uniaxial Compressive Strength of a Limestone Exposed to High Temperatures by Point Load and Leeb Rebound Hardness Testing

et al. 2021

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The effect of exposure to high temperature on rock strength is a topic of interest in many engineering fields. In general, rock strength is known to decrease as temperature increases. The most common test used to evaluate the rock strength is the uniaxial compressive strength test (UCS). It can only be carried out in laboratory and presents some limitations in terms of the number, type and preparation of the samples. Such constrains are more evident in case of rocks from historical monuments affected by a fire, where the availability of samples is limited. There are alternatives for an indirect determination of UCS, such as the point load test (PLT), or non-destructive tests such as the Schmidt’s hammer, that can also be performed in situ. The aims of this research are: (i) measuring the effect of high temperatures and cooling methods on the strength and hardness of a limestone named Pedra de Borriol widely used in several historic buildings on the E of Spain, and (ii) studying the possibility of indirectly obtaining UCS by means of PLT and Leeb hardness tests (LHT), using Equotip type D. Limestone samples were heated to 105 (standard conditions), 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 ºC and cooled slowly (in air) and quickly (immersed in water). After that, UCS, PLT and LHT tests were performed to evaluate the changes as temperature increases. Results show decreases over 90% in UCS, of between 50 and 70% in PLT index and smaller than 60% in LHT index. Insignificant differences between cooling methods were observed, although slowly cooled samples provide slightly higher values than quickly cooled ones. The results indicate that LHT can be used to indirectly estimate UCS, providing an acceptable prediction. Research on correlating strength parameters in rocks after thermally treated is still scarce. This research novelty provides correlations to predict UCS in historic buildings if affected by a fire, from PLT and non-destructive methods such as LHT whose determination is quicker and easier.

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Thermal Effects on the Drilling Performance of a Limestone: Relationships with Physical and Mechanical Properties

Cited by 9 publications

References 50 publications

A New SJ* Value Based on Sievers’ J-Miniature Drill Tests to Determine the Drillability of Limestones

A New SJ* Value Based on Sievers’ J-Miniature Drill Tests to Determine the Drillability of Limestones

Physical Alteration and Color Change of Granite Subjected to High Temperature

Predicting the Uniaxial Compressive Strength of a Limestone Exposed to High Temperatures by Point Load and Leeb Rebound Hardness Testing

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